WATER and BUFFERS

Question 1

are the result of sharing of electrons between two atoms

Answer 1

COVALENT BONDS

Question 2

are formed when one atom donates an electron to another

Answer 2

IONIC BONDS

Question 3

a measure of the affinity a nucleus has
for outer shell electrons

Answer 3

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE:

High electronegativity corresponds to high affinity.

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
are the result of the

Answer 5

attraction of the partial positive and partial negative charges on different water molecules

Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE:

Bonds between hydrogen and carbon do not form significant partial charges because the electronegativities of the two atoms are similar

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

TRUE OR FALSE:

Molecules containing many carbon-hydrogen bonds will not form
hydrogen bonds and therefore, do not mix well with water.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

TRUE OR FALSE

Hydrogen bonds are polar and are hydrophilic.

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

Molecules possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics are called——————-

containing a long, non-polar aliphatic tail and a head that ionizes

Answer 9

amphiphilic

Question 10

Weak interactions of electrons are called

Answer 10

Van der Waals forces

Question 11

TRUE OR FALSE

In hydrogen bonding (X-H), X is always more elctronegative than H.

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 13

Evidence of hydrogen bonding

Answer 13

Intermolecular forces: Boiling point and Freezing point

Question 14

Low molecular forces

Answer 14

alkenes and alkanes (gases at room temp.)

Question 15

TRUE OR FALSE

Dipole interactions are less powerful than Hydrogen Bonding.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

Formed by hydrogen bonds between parallel parts of the protein

Answer 16

Beta pleated sheet

Question 17

TRUE OR FALSE

Hydrophobic type of bond has the least amount of bond energy.

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE

Hydrophobic type of bond has the highest amount of bond energy.

Answer 18

FALSE

Question 19

binding of substrates in enzyme catalysis

Answer 19

PROTEINS

Question 20

Needs to separate the strands for replication and synthesis of RNA

Answer 20

DNA

Question 21

Leads to breaking of hydrogen bonds

Answer 21

HEAT

Question 22

Denaturation of proteins and separation of strands of nucleic acids

Answer 22

HEAT

Question 23

Protons that can dissociate when dissolved in water

Answer 23

ACID (DONOR)

Question 24

Can absorb protons when dissolved in water

Answer 24

BASE (ACCEPTOR)

Question 25

# TRUE OR FALSE HCl, as a strong acid, dissociate completely in water.

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 26

# TRUE OR FALSE HCl, as a strong acid, do not dissociate in water.

Answer 26

FALSE

Question 27

Nonpolar Hydrocarbons and Lipids

Answer 27

Hydrophobic

Question 28

Ionic compounds, Polar organic compounds (alcohols, ketones, carbonyls), Weak acids (phosphates and amino acids), Sugars and Carbohydrates

Answer 28

Hydrophilic

Question 29

For a process to be favorable, the ΔG for it must be

Answer 29

less than 0