Water and Carbohydrates Flashcards
(18 cards)
What does dipolar mean?
Two H atom and one O atom
Has no charge
How strong is Hydrogen bonding?
Hydrogen bonding is weak
What is specific heat capacity?
The energy required to heat 1 kg by 1 C
What is latent heat of vaporisation?
The energy required to change a liquid to a gas
In water due to lots of H bonds it requires a lot of energy
What is cohesion and surface tension?
Due to H bonds water molecules are cohesive so they can be pulled up and stick together
When water meets air it is pushed back which is surface tension
What is a solvant?
It means it can dissolve substances
What is a metabolite?
It means it is involved in digestive processes
What is a polymer?
Monomers joined together by condensation reactions
What are carbohydrates compiled of?
C, H, and O
What are monosaccharides?
Soluble molecules that carbohydrates are composed of
Glucose, galactose and fructose
What is the structural formula of alpha glucose?
5 carbons in a hexagon with an oxygen molecule
On carbon 4 there is a hydrogen atom on top and a OH molecule on the bottom (the same on carbon 1)
On carbon 2 there is hydrogen on the top and bottom
On carbon 5 there is CH2OH
On carbon 3 there is OH on the top and hydrogen on the bottom
What is the structural formula of beta glucose?
The same as alpha but on carbon 1 there is OH on the top and hydrogen on the bottom
Carbon 2 has hydrogen on the top and OH on the bottom
What is a disaccharide?
When to monosaccharides are joined together by a glyosidic bond
What are three examples of disaccharides?
Maltose is two glucose
Sucrose is glucose and fructose
Lactose is glucose and galactose
What is a polysaccharide?
2 or more disaccharides joined together
Give two examples of polysaccharides.
Starch and cellulose
What is the structure of starch?
Compact and branched Alpha glucose Coiled Large and insoluble inert
What is the structure of cellulose?
Straight unbranched chains
Rigid and prevent osmotic lysis
