Water and Clouds

Question 1

What is Flow / Transfer in the Water Cycle

Answer 1

• A form of linkage between one store/ component and another that involves movement of energy or mass.

Question 2

What is input in the water cycle?

Answer 2

• The addition of matter and/or energy into a system

Question 3

What is store/component?

Answer 3

• A part of the system where energy/mass is stored or transformed.

Question 4

What is a system in the water?

Answer 4

• A set of interrelated components working together towards some kind of process.

Question 5

What are the common characteristics of systems?

Answer 5

• Structure that lies within a boundary
• They are generalizations of reality, removing incidental detail that obscures fundamental relationships.
• They function by having inputs and outputs of material that are processed within the components causing it to change ins some way.

Question 6

What are the three different types of Systems?

Answer 6

• Isolated systems
• Closed Systems
• Open Systems

Question 7

What is a positive feedback loop?

Answer 7

• Where the effects of an action are amplified or multiplied by subsequent knock-on or secondary effects.

Question 8

What is a negative feedback loop?

Answer 8

• Where the effects of an action are nullified by its subsequent knock-on effects.

Question 9

What is Atmospheric water?

Answer 9

• Water that is found in the atmosphere. Mainly water vapour with some liquid water and ice crystals.

Question 10

What is cryospheric water?

Answer 10

• The water that is locked up on the Earth’s surface as ice

Question 11

What is the Hydrosphere?

Answer 11

• A discontinuous layer of water at or near the Earth’s surface. It includes all liquid and frozen surface waters, groundwater held in soil and rock and atmospheric water vapour

Question 12

What is oceanic water?

Answer 12

• The water is contained in the Earth’s oceans and seas but not including such inland seas as the Caspian sea.

Question 13

What is Terrestrial water

Answer 13

• This consists of groundwater, soil moisture, lakes and wetlands, and rivers.

Question 14

What percentage of the world’s water is fresh?

Answer 14

• Only 3% of the water is fresh

Question 15

Name some of the locations of Cryospheric water

Answer 15

• Ice caps
• Ice Sheets
• Perma frost
• Alpine Glaciers

Question 16

What four categories can Terrestrial waterfall into?

Answer 16

• Surface water
• Ground water
• Soil Water
• Biological water

Question 17

Define permafrost?

Answer 17

• Defined as the ground that remains at or below 0 degrees for at least two consecutive years.

Question 18

What is groundwater flow?

Answer 18

• Groundwater flow - The slow movement of water through underlying rocks

Question 19

What are the two examples of Cryospheric processes?

Answer 19

• The loss of ice mass

- The build-up of ice mass

Question 20

What is a drainage basin?

Answer 20

• The area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.

Question 21

What is Accumulation?

Answer 21

• Inputs to a glacial system due to snowfall

Question 22

What is ablation?

Answer 22

• Output of glacial system due to melting

Question 23

What is Supplementation?

Answer 23

• Ice changing directly into water vapour.

Question 24

List 5 ways in which water changes state?

Answer 24

• Evaportion
• Condensation
• Cloud Formation
• Precipitation
• Cryospheric processes.