Water and pH

Question 1

Predominant chemical component of living organisms; Irregularly, slightly skewed tetrahedron - oxygen at center and 2 hydrogens at corners

Answer 1

Water

Question 2

Percentage of Intracellular water

Answer 2

40% (2/3)

Question 3

Percentage of Extracellular water

Answer 3

20% (1/3)

Question 4

Percentage of Interstitial fluid

Answer 4

15%

Question 5

Percentage of Blood Plasma

Answer 5

5%

Question 6

Properties of Water

Answer 6

DipoleHigh dielectric constantForms hydrogen bondsExcellent nucleophileAmphoteric

Question 7

Acts as both an acid and base

Answer 7

Amphoteric

Question 8

Has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts

Answer 8

Amphipathic

Question 9

The negative log of hydrogen ion concentration; Measure alkalinity or acidity

Answer 9

pH

Question 10

What is the normal pH of blood?

Answer 10

7.35-7.45

Question 11

Proton donors

Answer 11

Acids

Question 12

Proton acceptors

Answer 12

Bases

Question 13

High H+Low pHLow pKa

Answer 13

Acids

Question 14

Low H+High pHHigh pKa

Answer 14

Bases

Question 15

Causes of High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 15

MethanolUremiaDiabetic KetoacidosisParaldehyde and Propylene GlycolIsoniazidLactic Acidosis (Sepsis, Shock)Ethylene GlycolSalicylates

Question 16

Used to calculate the concentration of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-)

Answer 16

Henderson-Hasselbach Equation

Question 17

pH<pKaAcid is unchargedBase is charged

Answer 17

Protonated

Question 18

pH>pKaAcid is chargedBase is uncharged

Answer 18

Unprotonated

Question 19

Mixture of weak acid and its conjugate base that can resist a change in pH when protons are produced or consumed

Answer 19

Buffers

Question 20

Physiologic Buffers

Answer 20

Bicarbonate (most important extracellular)Proteins (most important intracellular)Orthophosphate