Water Case Studies

Question 1

What is the water poverty index of Canada?

Answer 1

78

Question 2

What is the water poverty index of Ethiopia?

Answer 2

45

Question 3

What is the scale of water poverty index?

Answer 3

100

Question 4

How much surface water does Canada have?

Answer 4

2900 km^3

Question 5

How much surface water does Ethiopia have?

Answer 5

110 km^3

Question 6

What is Canada’s population?

Answer 6

36 million

Question 7

What is Ethiopia’s population?

Answer 7

102 million

65 million in 2000

Question 8

What is Canada’s GNI/capita?

Answer 8

$33k

Question 9

What is Ethiopia’s GNI/capita?

Answer 9

$170

Question 10

What is GNI?

Answer 10

The total domestic and foreign output claimed by a country’s residents

Question 11

How many countries does the Nile run through?

Answer 11

11

Question 12

How much of Nile water reaching Egypt originates from the Blue Nile?

Answer 12

80%

Question 13

Where is the source of the Blue Nile?

Answer 13

Ethiopia

Question 14

When was the Nile Treaty signed?

Answer 14

1929

Britain signed on behalf of its colonies

Question 15

What is the Nile Treaty?

Answer 15

Forbids any projects that could threaten the volume of water reaching Egypt

Question 16

How much water is Egypt guaranteed by the Nile Treaty?

Answer 16

55bn m^3

Question 17

how much water was Sudan guaranteed by the Nile Treaty?

Answer 17

18.5bn m^3

Question 18

How much total water flows through the Nile?

Answer 18

84bn m^3

Question 19

When were Egypt and Sudan’s shares of the Nile increased?

Answer 19

1959

Question 20

How many people depend on the Nile for their livelihoods?

Answer 20

160 million

Question 21

What is the South-North Water Transfer Project?

Answer 21

China moving water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River Basin in the arid north

Question 22

What is the cost of the South-North Water Transfer Project?

Answer 22

$62 bn

Question 23

How much water will be transferred by the South-North Water Transfer Project?

Answer 23

45 bn m^3 / year

Question 24

What was the engineering feat of the Central Route of the South-North Water Transfer Project?

Answer 24

The canal was constructed so gravity pulls the water the whole way, without the need for pumping stations

Question 25

What are the social factors of the South-North Water Transfer Project?

Answer 25

The project's cost could make water too expensive for consumers Villagers were forced to relocate

Question 26

How many people have been relocated by the South-North Water Transfer Project?

Answer 26

350,000

Question 27

How many people does the Colorado River supply water to?

Answer 27

Up to 36 million

Question 28

What is the second-largest tributary of the Colorado River?

Answer 28

Gila River

Question 29

What is the discharge of the Gila River compared to the past?

Answer 29

13% of its historic natural discharge

Question 30

What percentage of the Colorado River is used for agriculture?

Answer 30

70%

Question 31

How much of the Colorado River is used up before it reaches Mexico?

Answer 31

90%

Question 32

What percentage of the Colorado River is used for leisure?

Answer 32

15%

Question 33

What is the impact of using Colorado River water for leisure?

Answer 33

Golf courses, green lawns, and pools cause the water to evaporate

Question 34

How many major dams and reservoirs are on the Colorado?

Answer 34

14

Question 35

What was the impact of the Hoover Dam on the local ecosystem?

Answer 35

Trout & salmon population decreased 82%

Question 36

What method of irrigation do farmers of the Colorado River use?

Answer 36

Flood irrigation

Question 37

What has increased water demand in the Colorado River basin?

Answer 37

Urbanising population

Question 38

How many USA states does the Colorado River drain?

Answer 38

7

Question 39

How are the federal government pressured by the Colorado River?

Answer 39

Under pressure from politicians and lobbyists to not change water allocations

Question 40

How has the USA pledged to invest in water conservation projects in Mexico?

Answer 40

$32m | Plugging leaks in irrigation canals; helping farmers implement water-efficient technology

Question 41

What is the USA-Mexico Colorado agreement called?

Answer 41

Minute 323

Question 42

When was the Colorado River water allocated?

Answer 42

1922 Colorado River Compact

Question 43

How much water per day does Tallinn use?

Answer 43

95 litres

Question 44

How much water per day does Singapore use?

Answer 44

143 litres

Question 45

How much of Singapore's water supply comes from desalination?

Answer 45

10%

Question 46

How much of Singapore's water supply comes from catchment?

Answer 46

20%

Question 47

Who is Singapore's water provider?

Answer 47

Public Utilities Board (PUB)

Question 48

What is NEWater?

Answer 48

Singapore's recycled wastewater

Question 49

How much of Singapore's water supply comes from NEWater?

Answer 49

40%

Question 50

How many NEWater plants does Singapore have?

Answer 50

5

Question 51

How much of Singapore's water supply will come from NEWater and desalination?

Answer 51

85% by 2060 | of future demand

Question 52

How much has Singapore's domestic water usage reduced?

Answer 52

165L in 2003 | 143L in 2014

Question 53

How has Singapore reduced domestic water usage?

Answer 53

Educating the population

Question 54

When were the Helsinki rules?

Answer 54

1966

Question 55

What are the 1966 Helsinki rules?

Answer 55

Guideline for the use of rivers and groundwaters across borders

Question 56

What are the limitations of the 1966 Helsinki rules?

Answer 56

There is no mechanism for enforcing the rules | Somewhat subjective

Question 57

How are the 1966 Helsinki rules subjective?

Answer 57

"The past utilisation of the waters of the basin" | "The economic and social needs of each State"