Water, cellular respiration, macromolecules, cells, cells organelles

Question 1

Define cohesion

Answer 1

Uniting - sticking like molecules together

Question 2

Adhesion

Answer 2

To unite

Question 3

Photosynthesis

Answer 3

Occurs in the chloroplasts, gives off oxygen

Question 4

Cellular respiration

Answer 4

Gives of co2 , occurs in the mitochondria

Question 5

What two processes occur in the mitochondria?

Answer 5

Electron transport chain and the Krebs cycle

Question 6

What is an autotroph

Answer 6

Something that makes their own food

Question 7

What is a heterotroph

Answer 7

Something that consumes food

Question 8

What is the difference between anaerobic and aerobic?

Answer 8

Aerobic requires oxygen anaerobic doesn’t

Question 9

What does atp stand for

Answer 9

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 10

What does adp stand for

Answer 10

Adenosine diphosphate

Question 11

Photosynthesis equation

Answer 11

Sunlight + carbon dioxide+ water =

Glucose+ oxygen

Question 12

Cellular respiration

Answer 12

Glucose +oxygen=water+carbon dioxide

Question 13

Law of thermodynamics dynamics

Answer 13

Energy can’t be created or destroyed just changed

Question 14

Metabolism

Answer 14

All cellular chemical reaction

Question 15

Metabolic pathway

Answer 15

Series of chemical reactions in which the product of one reaction is the substrate for the next reaction

Question 16

Catabolic pathway

Answer 16

Releases energy

Question 17

Anabolic pathway

Answer 17

Uses energy

Question 18

What occurs in the large surface space of the thylakoids in two photosynthesis series?

Answer 18

Electron transport chain

Question 19

Photo system two

Answer 19

Light excites electron, water molecules split.

Question 20

Photo system one

Answer 20

Light electrons get transferred to protein called ferrodoxin.

Question 21

Calvin cycle product

Answer 21

Glucose

Question 22

Stage one cellular respiration

Answer 22

Glycolysis,

Question 23

Second stage of cellular respiration

Answer 23

Krebs cycle

Question 24

Which type of fermentation converts pyruvate to lactic acid?

Answer 24

Lactic acid fermentation.

Question 25

Polar molecule

Answer 25

Unequal sharing of electrons

Question 26

Solute

Answer 26

Solute: substance dissolved in solvent

Question 27

Surface tension

Answer 27

Water is pulled together creating the smallest surface area possible.

Question 28

Specific heat

Answer 28

The amount of heat per unit of mass required to raise the temperature by one degree celsius.

Question 29

Number of Elements and compounds in living things.

Answer 29

90 elements naturally occurring. Only 11 are common in living things. Most common are carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen.

Question 30

Organic and inorganic are two main groups of what?

Answer 30

Chemical compounds

Question 31

Organic compounds are -----------large or small, simple or complex, why?

Answer 31

Also tend to be LARGE molecules(made up of lots of atoms) COMPLEX: lots of carbon and hydrogen atoms bound covalently.

Question 32

Inorganic compounds are --------simple or complex, big or small, carbon or no carbon

Answer 32

Generally do NOT contain carbon CO2 is an exception Also tend to be Small and simple

Question 33

What's so special about CARBON?

Answer 33

4 outer (valence) electrons.

Question 34

Bottom line about carbon

Answer 34

It has HUGE potential for making a WIDE VARIETY of different types of molecules.

Question 35

Bottom line about making polymers.

Answer 35

Small subunits link together to make large polymers.

Question 36

4 major groups of organic compounds

Answer 36

Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleus acids

Question 37

Functions of Carbohydrates

Answer 37

Quick energy They function in short term energy storage in plants They function as intermediate term storage They function as structural components in cells

Question 38

Monomers polymers polysaccharides are part of what structure?

Answer 38

General carb structure

Question 39

Monosaccharides

Answer 39

Monomers of carbs are monosaccharides

Question 40

Why are monosaccharides important

Answer 40

Energy in them can be made quickly available to living things

Question 41

Disaccharides

Answer 41

Double sugars | Two monosaccharides joined

Question 42

Why are disaccharides useful?

Answer 42

Not quite so easily broken down as monosaccharides

Question 43

How are Polysaccharides made?

Answer 43

Made by joining many monosaccharides

Question 44

Types of polysaccharides

Answer 44

Starch and Glycogen

Question 45

Polysaccharides - cellulose, example

Answer 45

Wood

Question 46

Polysaccharides - chitin

Answer 46

Structural carbohydrate Cell walls of fungi Exoskeleton of autotrophs

Question 47

What are 4 types of Lipids

Answer 47

``` Waxed Oils Fats Steroids Hormones All are nonpolar(don't dissolve in water) ```

Question 48

Functions of lipids are what?

Answer 48

``` Energy storage Insulation Keeps animals warm Shock absorption Make important compounds ```

Question 49

Structure of lipids

Answer 49

Glycerol + 3 fatty acids

Question 50

Nadph nad+ are essential in what cycle

Answer 50

Calvin cycle

Question 51

Solvent of life

Answer 51

Water

Question 52

Solvent

Answer 52

Something that dissolves something else

Question 53

Cells come from what?

Answer 53

Pre-existing cells through cell division

Question 54

Cells are the smallest unit that is capable or performing life functions because......

Answer 54

Cells have all of the characteristics of living things

Question 55

What type of cell is a complex organism in most living things?

Answer 55

Eukaryotic cell

Question 56

Which type of cell can be unicellular and multicellular?

Answer 56

Eukaryotic cell

Question 57

All living things are made of what?

Answer 57

Cells

Question 58

What are the smallest working units of life?

Answer 58

Cells

Question 59

This cell has organelles that are surrounded by membranes.

Answer 59

Eukaryotic cell

Question 60

Cell membranes are in what two cells?

Answer 60

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Question 61

Which type of bilayer allows certain materials to pass freely rather than other materials?

Answer 61

Phospholipid

Question 62

Cytoplasm is found in what two cells

Answer 62

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Question 63

Which organelle is a jelly like fluid inside the membrane and supports and protects the cells?

Answer 63

Cytoplasm

Question 64

Which organelle is big in plant cells and small in animal cells and stores waste?

Answer 64

Vacuole

Question 65

The smallest working units of life are?

Answer 65

Cells

Question 66

All living things are made of what?

Answer 66

Cells