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Water Distribution And Treatment > Water Distribution > Flashcards

Water Distribution Flashcards

1
Q

The difference between the static groundwater level and the pumping level is the

A

Drawdown

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2
Q

A customer complaint about the presence of brown floc in tap water can best be handled by

A

Investigating the problem as soon as possible

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3
Q

The term aquifer relates to which of the following

A

Groundwater

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4
Q

On indication of corrosive water is a high concentration of

A

Carbon dioxide

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5
Q

Catholic protection means protection against

A

Corrosion

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6
Q

The primary reason for the use of a dry barrel fire hydrant is to

A

Keep the hydrant from freezing

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7
Q

The component parts of a well include all of the following except
Included ( sanitary seal, well screen, cement grout)

A

Pressure switch

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8
Q

At the same barometric pressure, the amount of dissolved oxygen in cold water tends to be ____ the amount of dissolved oxygen in warm water

A

More than

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9
Q

Which of the following is the principal constituent in water that causes corrosion of metals>

A

Dissolved oxygen

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10
Q

Which component of a centrifugal pump moves the water?

A

Impeller

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11
Q

A record containing the size, location, and ties of water mains, valves, hydrants, tanks reservoirs, and pump stations is called a

A

Comprehensive map

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12
Q

What term describes water that is suitable for drinking?

A

Potable

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13
Q

Velocity of flow in mains is usually expressed in terms of

A

Feet per second

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14
Q

A “competent person” at an excavation site

A

Is capable of identity hazards and has the authority to take corrective measures

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15
Q

Hydrogen sulfide has smells like

A

Rotten eggs

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16
Q

Which of the following methods can be used to remove high iron content from a well supply

A

Oxidation and filtration

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17
Q

Hardness may be expressed in

A

Milligrams per liter as CaCo3

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18
Q

The basic unit of electrical power is the

A

Watt

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19
Q

Check valves are used to

A

Permit flow in only one direction

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20
Q

Standard pumper connection fire hydrants should not be installed on water mains smaller than __ inches in diameter

A

6

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21
Q

Beards of long sideburns prohibit and operation from safely

A

Wearing the face mask of a self contained breathing apparatus

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22
Q

The water table is defined as the

A

Upper surface of the groundwater

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23
Q

The shaft speed of an electric motor is most commonly expressed in units of

A

Revolutions per minute

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24
Q

A coupon test installation in a distribution system is used to

A

Determine the rate of scaling or corrosion

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25
Q

Disease-causing bacteria are known as

A

Pathogenic

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26
Q

Normally surface water and groundwater have a pH range of

A

6.8 — 8.5

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27
Q

What is the best definition of turbidity in water

A

Anything in water that scatters light

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28
Q

A “competent person” must inspect excavations and adjacent areas for hazards

A

Daily, prior to the start of work, and as needed through shift

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29
Q

The component of a centrifugal pump sometimes installed on the end of a suction pipe to hold priming is known as a

A

Foot valve

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30
Q

The principal purpose of an altitude valve on an elevated tank is to

A

Control maximum filling level in distribution storage

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31
Q

The term “primacy” means the

A

Primary authority for the implementation and enforcement of drinking water regulations

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32
Q

Reciprocating positive-displacement pumps are also known as

A

Piston pumps

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33
Q

Moderately hard water will have a hardness range of ___ mg/l as calcium carbonate

A

61 to 120

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34
Q

A common method of removing hydrogen sulfide from water is

A

Aeration

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35
Q

The treatment process designed to kill pathogenic organisms is

A

Disinfection

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36
Q

Lead in drinking water can result in

A

Impaired mental functioning in children

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37
Q

A disease that might be transferred to a new victim through water is

A

Typhoid

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38
Q

An average percentage range for unaccounted for water in a fully metered system is

A

11 to 15 %

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39
Q

A cross connection is defined as a connection between

A

A potable water system and a non potable system

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40
Q

Backsiphonage is caused by

A

Partial vacuum in the line

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41
Q

When the pumping rate is increased, the effect on the cone of depression is to

A

Lower the pumping level

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42
Q

Which chemical is most often used to disinfect public water supplies

A

Chlorine or chlorine compounds

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43
Q

The purpose of a surge tank is to

A

Control water hammer

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44
Q

The presence of total coliforms in drinking water indicates

A

The potential presence of pathogens

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45
Q

The term “MCL” means

A

Maximum contaminant level

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46
Q

the primary origin of coliforms in water supplies is

A

Fecal contamination by warm-bodied animals

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47
Q

The primary source of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water is

A

The reaction of chlorine compounds and organic matter

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48
Q

An air-gap device is used to

A

Prevent backflow of non potable water into a drinking water supply

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49
Q

The primary health risk associated with trihalomethanes (THMs) is

A

Cancer

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50
Q

The purpose of the fusible plug on a chlorine tank is to

A

Prevent the cylinder from exploding at high temperatures

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51
Q

The primary health risk associated with synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) is

A

Cancer

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52
Q

Which is the most accurate statement concerning potable water lines?

A

They must never be connected to a contaminated water source

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53
Q

The primary source(s) of synthetic organic compounds (SOC) contamination in water supplies is (are)

A

Industrial solvents and agricultural pesticides

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54
Q

water samples are analyzed for the coliform group of bacteria because these bacteria

A

Indicate the possible presence of disease-causing organisms

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55
Q

Lead in drinking water is primarily the result of

A

Corrosion within the distribution system and residential plumbing

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56
Q

pressure in a pipeline may be caused by

A

friction and elevation

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57
Q

what is the difference between a maximum contaminant level and a secondary maximum contaminant level

A

MCLs relate to health effects, while SMCls relate to aesthetic concerns

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58
Q

the purpose of an electrical lock-out device is to

A

positively prevent the operation of an electrical circuit

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59
Q

the maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) of a known or probable carcinogen is

A

zero

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60
Q

a public water system must comply with safe drinking water act regulations baed on

A

population range, size of community and financial ability

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61
Q

an objectionable feature of iron and manganese in water is

A

staining of fixtures

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62
Q

the pressure that a pump must operate against is measure in

A

pounds per square inch

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63
Q

if the peed of a centrifugal pump is increased, and the head remains the same, the gallons per minute output will

A

increase

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64
Q

a suspension of very minute particles that cause an appearance of cloudiness is called

A

turbidity

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65
Q

hardness in water is caused by

A

calcium and magnesium

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66
Q

contaminant monitoring requirements can depend on

A

previous violations of MCLs, the results of a vulnerability assessment, the size of the water system

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67
Q

sodium hypochlorite is

A

a compound that can be purchased in liquid solution and can be used for disinfection

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68
Q

the abbreviation “DO” stands for

A

dissolved oxygen

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69
Q

high nitrate concentrations in water can affect

A

infants

70
Q

a corporation stop is used to

A

connect the service line to the main water line under pressure

71
Q

when installing service lines, it is a good practice to provide for movement due to soil settling by installing which of the following?

A

bend or gooseneck in the pipe

72
Q

how many pounds of pressure (ponds per square inch) equals 100 feet of head?

A

43 pounds

73
Q

the metal trip in an electrical fuse will melt from the heat caused by

A

high amperage demands

74
Q

a trench must be shored if it is ____ feet deep or deeper

A

5 feet

75
Q

an approved device used to prevent backflow and back siphonage is a

A

vacuum breaker

76
Q

disc-type meters are classified as ____ meters

A

positive-displacement

77
Q

distribution system components from various manufactures are compatible because of

A

AWWA standards

78
Q

the performance curve of a pump reflects

A

pump capacity, pump efficiency, pump horsepower

79
Q

if the pump bearings on horizontal centrifugal pumps are overlubricated, the most important effect is that the extra lubricant

A

may cause overheating and possible failure of the bearings

80
Q

flexible couplings used to connect the motor and the pump shaft transmit

A

power efficiently and effectively from one shaft transmit

81
Q

a major break in a water main can assist the distribution operator to

A

observe the interior condition of the distribution systems piping

82
Q

a portable ladder must extend ___ feet above the upper surface of an excavated trench

A

3 feet

83
Q

a vacuum is formed in the chlorinator by the

A

pressure differential through the ejector

84
Q

the rated flow of a water meter, as stated by the manufacturer, is based on ___ flow

A

continuous

85
Q

on a switch that has been tagged and locked out, the warning tag must have

A

name and signature of person who locked out the switch

86
Q

in general, a pH of treated water below 6.5 indicates

A

corrosive water

87
Q

when comparing friction loss in various types of pumps, a larger Hazen-Williams C value indicates the pipe

A

is smoother inside

88
Q

generally, a valve exercising program recommends valves be exercised

A

one a year

89
Q

if water flowing in a 6 in diameter pipe is discharged diameter pipe, the velocity will

A

increase approximately twice

90
Q

a manganese level of about 0.2 mg/l can result in

A

staining of toilet fixtures and laundry

91
Q

which of the following safe drinking water act rules provides for action levels instead of maximum contaminant levels

A

lead and copper

92
Q

the most widely used type of prime mover in a pumping station is a

A

electric motor

93
Q

an illness in infants known as methemoglobinemia is attributed to

A

high nitrate content in the water

94
Q

hydrostatic pressure testing is the process used to test

A

leakage in the pipe

95
Q

water leaking to the surface after operating an old valve probably is caused by

A

dried out packing

96
Q

water hammer is most likely caused by

A

closing a valve too fast

97
Q

to repack a buried gate valve, the valve must be

A

fully open

98
Q

centrifugal pump parts include

A

volute

99
Q

thrust blocks are installed to

A

prevent movement of pipes

100
Q

in order to comply with safety regulations, all couplings on pumps must be

A

guarded

101
Q

is is essential to ventilate a valve vault before entry in order to

A

remove dangerous gases and/or ensure proper oxygen levels

102
Q

according to the SDWA bacteriological samples should be collected at

A

representative points in the distribution system

103
Q

in making a household service connection, the employee finds the 8-inch water main wall is too thin and has to use a ___ to complete the installation

A

service clamp

104
Q

a noisy and vibrating gate valve idicated

A

cavitation is happening

105
Q

how often should a sealed ball bearing in an electrical motor be lubricated?

A

never

106
Q

a maintenance and inspection program for storage tanks and reservoirs is performed

A

ever other year

107
Q

the term MCL means

A

level of contaminant in drinking water below which there are no known or suspected adverse health effects with a margin of safety

108
Q

wht flow can be expected from a standard 5/8inch by 3/4inch meter

A

20 gallons per minute

109
Q

the difference between tier and tier 2 violations

A

Tier 1 violations potentially impose direct and adverse health effects, Tier 2 violations do not pose a direct threat to public health

110
Q

water hammer can be minimized by

A

air release valves and surge tanks

111
Q

maintenance required of bubbler tube level indicators includes checking the

A

air tube

112
Q

a device used to check flows in a distribution system is called a

A

pitot gage

113
Q

which of the following would be classified as a positive displacement pump

A

reciprocating pump

114
Q

the pH of water may be reduced by adding

A

carbon dioxide

115
Q

proper alignment between two shafts can be checked using a

A

straight edge and feeler gauge

116
Q

two fundamental treatment requirements for public water systems using surface water sources are

A

disinfection and filtration

117
Q

water with high turbidity will also have a high concentration of

A

fine suspended materials

118
Q

the MCL for trihalomethanes is

A

0.10mg/l

119
Q

for household use, what size of displacement meter is best?

A

5/8 to 2 inches

120
Q

an amperometric titrator is used to measure

A

chlorine residual

121
Q

a direct water connection to a boiler containing a scale prevention compound must be protected by an

A

air gap

122
Q

the multiple tube fermentation test method consists of three tests – the presumptive, the completed and the ___ test

A

confirmed

123
Q

a characteristic that distinguishes a strong acid from a week acid is the

A

degree of ionization

124
Q

final determination of vulnerability is made by

A

the primacy agency

125
Q

when a water main repair can be made with a repair clamp and the main is under continuous pressure, the concern for ___ is reduced

A

disinfecting

126
Q

if solids in water have an average specific gravity of 1.20 they are

A

20% heavier than water

127
Q

static head is the

A

pressure due to the depth of elevation of water

128
Q

what is the maximum length of time water must remain motionless in pipes prior to the first-draw residential lead sampling

A

6 hours

129
Q

according to the lead and copper rule, the action level for the 90th percentile lead level is

A

0.015mg/l

130
Q

a tank containing industrial solvent is under 10 pounds per square inch pressure. An employee accidentally opens a valve that is connected to the potable water. pressure in the potable water system drops to 5 pounds per square inch. This condition is called

A

back pressure

131
Q

the lead and copper rule specifies that all public water systems must initially monitor for lead content by collecting samples from

A

high risk residences

132
Q

which of the following is most likely to corrode steel

A

acid conditions

133
Q

the SDWA requires ___ to develop comprehensive coliform monitoring plan

A

all public water systems

134
Q

THMs are primarily a concern in

A

water after chlorine disinfection treatment

135
Q

wearing rings are installed in a pump to

A

minimize internal water leakage

136
Q

if an initial sample is positive for total coliforms and a subsequent sample is positive for fecal coliform or E. coli an ___ violation is triggered

A

acute tier 1

137
Q

material safety data sheets are required for

A

all chemicals used in the workplace regardless of hazard

138
Q

cavitation in pumps is caused by pumping

A

flow rates considerably higher than design flows

139
Q

when the static level of the groundwater is 50 feet below the ground surface, the most suitable type of pump is a

A

turbine pump

140
Q

Flammable liquids are those that have flash points

A

below 100 degrees F

141
Q

under the SDWA “lead free” means

A

up to 8% lead content in pipes/fixtures and 0.2% lead content in solder

142
Q

when a nonpotable water is connected directly to a potable water system, the minimum acceptable method of eliminated the cross connection is

A

an air gap between the two systems or a reduced pressure zone device

143
Q

a potable water supply discharges into an irrigation water storage tank. the pipe should be

A

above the overflow level of the tank by several pipe diameters

144
Q

the minimum pressure required in a water distribution system is

A

20 pounds per square inch

145
Q

which valve is most suitable for a throttling application

A

ball

146
Q

where should an air release valve be placed on a water main

A

top

147
Q

under the lead and copper rule, all large public water systems (serving > 50,000 people) are required to

A

conduct corrosion control studies

148
Q

community water systems that add a disinfectant to water and serve a population of ___ or more are required to monitor for total trihalomethane

A

10,000

149
Q

a chain of custody for a sample legally proves that

A

responsible people had possession of the sample at all times

150
Q

the minimized iron from precipitating in the distribution system ___ is decreased

A

carbo dioxide

151
Q

an altitude valve is a device used to

A

regulate the water surface level in a storage tank

152
Q

when using a fire hydrant the valve should be open

A

to the full open position

153
Q

the discharge flow rate of a piston-type pump

A

is constant at a constant speed

154
Q

single phasing of a motor means

A

loss of one power phase

155
Q

the angle of repose is the angle of slope of

A

unsupported lose soil

156
Q

what affects the flow capacity of an installed pipeline

A

pipe size, pipe material, and grade

157
Q

alkalinity in water serves as

A

a measure of the water capacity to neutralize and acid

158
Q

3-log removal means ___ precent removal/inacaivation

A

99.9%

159
Q

the advantage of a balanced mechanical seal is that

A

the wearing force between the ground surface does not vary regardless of the suction head

160
Q

disinfection residuals for surface water supplies must be measured at the entry point to the distribution system. the minimum acceptable residual is

A

0.2 mg/l

161
Q

which of the following is an example of an acute violation?

A

a positive sample for total coliforms when Ecoli are present

162
Q

what happens to a pump if the back pressure on the pump is allowed to drop too low and the pump is operated for a prolonged period of time?

A

efficiency will drop off and the pump will heat up

163
Q

treatment techniques rather than a maximum contaminant level are established for Giardia, viruses and legionella because

A

no commonly available test exists for these microorganisms

164
Q

which of the following must be checked when doing maintenance on pneumatic controllers

A

air supply availability

165
Q

under the SDWA if the MCL for nitrate or nitrite is exceeded, notice must be given to the public by broadcast media (television and radio) within

A

72 hours

166
Q

when a pump is leaking excessively around the packing gland, the operator should first turn the pump off and

A

tighten the packing gland

167
Q

the MCL for copper is based on the concern that excessive copper ingestion may cause

A

stomach and intestinal distress

168
Q

what should an operator do when entering a room containing a high concentration of chlorine gas

A

use self-contained air or oxygen and have help standing by

169
Q

as water temperature decrease, the disinfecting action of cholrine

A

decreases

170
Q
A

Water Distribution And Treatment (2 decks)

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