Water Levels

Question 1

Causes and importance of Water Level Variation

Answer 1

Causes
Isostatic/Eustatic Rise
Tides
Surge
Seiche

Importance
Translates wave transformation
Unique morphology
Coastal evolution

Question 2

Flood Tidal Delta and Canals (venice is sinking)

Answer 2

Venice was formed by flood shoal (wont really get into this)

Tide comes in, floods channel, deposits sand, goes back out the channel

flood shoal only survived because of sand that came in with the tide (shoal requires constant supply of sand)

buildings built around the channels prevent sand from being deposited

what was there previously was compacted, whole thing starts to sink

Question 3

new orleans is sinking

Answer 3

because its on the mississippi delta

river used to deposit sand when it flooded the city
now river cant flood the city, city is compacting down

Question 4

Houston is sinking

Answer 4

Lack of flooding, lack of sand, rapid compaction, groundwater being extracted

refineries at risk -> big storms will take them out

Question 5

netherlands

Answer 5

amsterdam was built on a marsh
->entire city is crooked

Question 6

isostatic rebound

Answer 6

Hydro-Isostacy:
Ocean floors depressed and rebounded vertically due to changes in the weight (volume) of water

Downwarp/Loading: During glacials, water accumulates as ice on land and
depresses land surface because of the weight.

Rebound: During interglacial, weight on landmass is reduced (melting ice) and
landmass rebounds. (e.g., Hudson Bay)

Question 7

Glacio-Eustacy

holocene sea levels

Answer 7

Molanchavich cycles