Water, Non-covalent interactions, the pH scale

Question 1

What is the solvent of life?

Answer 1

water

Question 2

What kind of bond is in a water molecule?

Answer 2

Covalent

Question 3

What is the angle between the two hydrogens connected to the oxygen?

Answer 3

105

Question 4

Since the electrons spend more time with the oxygen, water molecules are considered ____

Answer 4

Polar

Question 5

What are the partial charges found in a water molecule

Answer 5

Oxygen is partially negative while the two hydrogens are partially positive

Question 6

The partial charges within the water molecule creates an ______

Answer 6

Electric dipole

Question 7

Hydrophilic substances

Answer 7

Readily dissolve in water
Polar or ionic (electrolytes)

Question 8

Hydrophobic substances

Answer 8

Don’t completely dissolve in water
Nonpolar

Question 9

Amphipathic molecules

Answer 9

Have both hydrophobic parts and ionic/polar parts

Question 10

What are the four major types of noncovalent forces?

Answer 10

Charge-charge interactions
Hydrogen bonds
Hydrophobic interactions
Van der Waals forces

Question 11

How does a hydrogen bond form?

Answer 11

When a partially positive charged hydrogen is attracted to a partially negative oxygen on another water molecule

Question 12

What elements can be hydrogen bond acceptors?

Answer 12

Nitrogen and oxygen

Question 13

Hydrophobic interactions

Answer 13

drive non-polar molecules together
Causes water molecules to become more ordered - increase in entropy