Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

APES > Water Pollution Part 2 > Flashcards

Water Pollution Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is point source pollution?

A

Pollutants from a specific source, like a storm drain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a plume?

What are 3 examples of plumes?

A

Contaminants that deep from a concentrated area

  • LUST
  • thermal pollution
  • leaking septic tank
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a LUST?

A

Leaking underground storage tank

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is non-point source pollution?

A

Pollutants that don’t have a specific source, like parking lots and agricultural fields

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is atmospheric deposition?

What is 1 example?

A

Pollutants are released into air and re-deposited elsewhere

Coal plants release mercury (Hg) into air, which settles on lakes and is ingested by fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What pH is needed to classify rain as acid rain?

A

7.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What 2 compounds combine with water to make acid rain?

A

Nitrogen oxide (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acid rain leaches what 2 elements from rock?

What are 2 types of rock that are commonly affected?

A

Aluminum (Al) and mercury (Hg)

Marble and limestone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In water, what are 2 pollutants that cause low pH?

A

Sulfur and industrial waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Do sulfur and industrial waste cause a low or high pH in water?

A

Low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is N, P, and K?

What are 2 large contributors?

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium

Detergents, fertilizer, and manure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is oxygen level measured in?

A

ppm (parts per million) aka mg/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does air enter water?

A

Photosynthesis and waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the healthy oxygen level?

A

6-10 ppm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the biological oxygen demand (BOD)?

A

The amount of oxygen needed to sustain organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the results of decomposition?

A

It releases nutrients and the aerobic bacteria digesting it use up oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is cultural eutrophication?

A

Nutrition is increased, hypoxia occurs, algae and phytoplankton grow. Leads to a dead zone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

Low oxygen concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why do algae and phytoplankton grow a lot during eutrophication?

A

Nitrogen and phosphorus encourage plant growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is blue baby syndrome caused by?

What happens to a baby that has it?

Where does blue baby syndrome most frequently occur?

A

Nitrates from contaminated water binds to red blood cells

They slowly suffocate

The corn belt of the USA (lots of agricultural farms)

21
Q

What is thermal pollution?

What is the main consequence of thermal pollution?

What are 3 sources of thermal pollution?

A

Heat in water

Warm water holds less oxygen

Power plants, industrial coolant, asphalt

22
Q

What is turbidity?

What increases it?

What is an effect of organic turbidity?

What is an effect of inorganic turbidity?

A

Cloudiness of water

Runoff

Organic uses up oxygen during decomposition

Inorganic can interfere with photosynthesis by blocking sunlight

23
Q

What are 2 examples of waterborne viruses?

What are 2 examples of waterborne bacteria?

What is 1 example of waterborne parasites?

A

Polio and rotavirus

Cholera and coliform

Giardia

24
Q

Where does fecal coliform come from?

What does excess fecal coliform indicate?

A

Warm blooded animals

Other pathogenic bacteria are present

25
Q

What causes toxic tide or red tide?

What is pfiesteria piscidia?

A

Dinoflagellates, single called organisms that digest fish alive

The species of dinoflagellates that are poisonous to eat and breathe

26
Q

What are 2 main sources of radioactive materials in water?

What elements does it release?

A

Coal mining and ore processing

Cesium (Cs), thermium, (Th), uranium (U)

27
Q

What does it mean if a chemical is inorganic?

What are 4 examples of inorganic chemicals?

What are 2 sources of inorganic chemicals?

A

It has no carbon

Mercury (Hg), tin (Sn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb)

Household cleaners and industrial effluent

28
Q

Where is mercury stored?

A

The nervous system

29
Q

What does it mean if a chemical is organic?

What are 2 examples of organic chemicals?

What are 2 sources of organic chemicals?

A

It has carbon

Pesticides and pharmaceuticals

Farms and birth control (estrogen)

30
Q

What does POP stand for?

What are POPs?

What are 4 examples of POPs?

A

Persistent organic pollutants

Synthetic chemicals that deteriorate slowly, are stored in fatty tissue, and are bad for health

DDT, PCB, dioxin, furan

31
Q

What is DDT?

What is PCB?

What is dioxin and furan?

A

Pesticide used for mosquitoes and cotton crop pests

Heat exchange fluid in electrical transformers

By product of municipal and medical trash incineration

32
Q

What happened at the Stockholm convention?

A

“Dirty dozen” POPs were banned

33
Q

What are 3 ways to reduce pollution?

A

Fertilize less

Establish buffer strips

Keep livestock and feedlots away from streams

34
Q

What are buffer strips?

What do the do?

A

Strips of land between developed areas and bodies of water

Absorb runoff and excess rain

35
Q

What is contour plowing?

A

When crops are oriented against the flow of rain to absorb water and prevent erosion

36
Q

What are cover crops?

What do they do?

A

Crops planted in the off season

Anchor soil to prevent erosion

37
Q

What is gray water?

A

Water from showers, dishwashers, and washing machines

38
Q

What percent of our domestic water use is for flushing toilets?

For bathing?

A

40%

37%

39
Q

What percent of industrial water use is for cooling equipment?

What does this cause?

A

50%

Wasted heat and thermal pollution

40
Q

Globally, what is the #1 use of water?

A

Agriculture

41
Q

What inspired the clean water act?

What does the act require?

What did the act set?

A

The cuyahoga river fire (1968)

Pollutant discharge permits for effluents

Water quality standards (MCLs)

42
Q

What are injection wells?

A

Wells that inject waste, oil, or solution into the ground

43
Q

What is an aquatard?

A

A semi permeable layer that limits water flow

44
Q

What is cloud seed?

What are 3 chemicals used in cloud seeding?

What are effects of cloud seeding?

A

Chemicals that clump water droplets together to make it rain

Dry ice, potassium iodide, silver iodide

Loss of rain elsewhere and possible water contamination

45
Q

What is desalination?

What are 2 examples of desalination?

What are 2 consequences of desalination?

Where are most desalination plants?

A

Removing salt from ocean water to make it drinkable

Distillation: boil, steam, cool
Reverse osmosis: water pushes through semi permeable membrane

3-4 times more expensive
Uses a lot of energy

85% are in the Middle East

46
Q

What are 4 consequences of dams?

A

Disrupts terrestrial ecosystems, loss of habitat (farming), siltation of penstocks, evaporation and runoff increase salinity

47
Q

Why is the Colorado river salty and dry?

A

Irrigation leaches salt into river, causing salt poisoned fields, the Colorado is diverted into CA, NV, AZ, and Mexico

48
Q

What are 3 consequences of the glen canyon dam?

A

Blocks fish passages, traps nutrient rich soil, raises water temp

49
Q

Why is the Aral Sea salty and dry?

A

In the 60s water was diverted for agriculture, it’s now saltier than the ocean

APES (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions