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Science Olympiad > Water Quality > Flashcards

Water Quality Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Scientific name of the Banded Coral shrimp?

A

stenopus hispidus

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2
Q

what does a Banded Coral shrimp look like?

A

Shrimp with bands

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3
Q

behavior of a Banded Coral shrimp

A

Aggressive toward own species

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4
Q

location of Banded Coral shrimp

A

Only in Indonesia

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5
Q

molting process of Banded Coral shrimp

A

Molting takes 2 days; hides during

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6
Q

Banded Coral shrimp are intolerant of?

A

Intolerant of high Nitrate/ copper

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7
Q

what type of predator is a Banded Coral shrimp?

A

Scavenger

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8
Q

Scientific name of the Butterfly fish

A

chaetodon spp.

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9
Q

location of Butterfly fish

A

Tropical/ subtropical waters in coral reefs

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10
Q

size of Butterfly fish

A

4-5 in in length

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11
Q

what does a Butterfly fish look like?

A

dark spots on bodies and dark bands on eyes, mouth is more pointed downward than angel fish

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12
Q

sleeping habits of a Butterfly fish

A

diurnal animals- feed during day rest at night

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13
Q

Butterfly fish eating habits

A

feed on plankton and crustaceans

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14
Q

Butterfly fish mating habits

A

mate for life

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15
Q

Butterfly fish species status

A

in danger due to water pollution and habitat lose

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16
Q

Butterfly fish life span

A

10 year life

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17
Q

Scientific name of the Crown of Thorns starfish

A

acanthaster planci

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18
Q

Crown of Thorns starfish are native to

A

coral eating starfish native to indo-pacific ocean

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19
Q

Crown of Thorns starfish are important because

A

important in coral reef, feeds on fastly growing coral to allow slow growing coral to grow more- control coral growth

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20
Q

low number of Crown of Thorns starfish can cause/

high number of Crown of Thorns starfish can cause

A

low number of starfish corals can recover naturally occur, high number of starfish and coral can’t recover (crown of thorns starfish outbreak)

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21
Q

Crown of Thorns starfish reaction to nutrients

A

increased nutrients= more starfish

larva use nutrients to grow big

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22
Q

Crown of Thorns starfish outbreaks

A

outbreaks caused by flood

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23
Q

what does Fleshy Algae do

A

fleshy algae or seaweed takes over less built coral reefs and destroys them

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24
Q

Fleshy Algae growth of pop

A

overfishing- less fish to feed on them

direct nutrient pollution

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25
Q

Fleshy Algae problems with over pop

A

less diverse

coral taken over by algae discs

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26
Q

Grouper >30cm scientific name

A

serranidae, epinephelinae

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27
Q

Grouper >30cm location

A

located west coast of Africa, southern Americas coast

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28
Q

Grouper >30cm behavior

A

very territorial- displays open mouth and quivering body as a warning to intruders then it will “growl”
also travels great distances

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29
Q

Grouper >30cm habitat

A

likes bottom of coral reefs

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30
Q

Grouper >30cm status in sea bass family

A

largest member of sea bass family

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31
Q

Grouper >30cm physical characteristics

A

very long, not very wide

has bands on body (3-4)

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32
Q

Grouper >30cm uses _________ to find others of its species

A

uses echolocation to find others of its species

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33
Q

Grouper >30cm’s predators

A

bigger fish eat them (very few natural predators)

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34
Q

Grouper >30cm’s prey

A

prey on crustaceans

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35
Q

Grouper >30cm reproductive system

A

Protogynous hermaphrodites- start as male -> go to female

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36
Q

Hard coral behavior

A

may look/ act like plants but are animals

colonial- group together

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37
Q

Hard coral relatives

A

closely related to jelly fish

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38
Q

Hard coral body parts

A

each polyp (coral)- has mouth, stomach, and can feed/ breathe on its own

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39
Q

Hard coral requirements for survival

A

clear water
access to sunlight
low nutrient levels
water temp range 16-35 ºc

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40
Q

how do Hard coral obtain energy

A

gain most of its energy from tiny algae called zooxanthelle (autotrophic) which live inside of them
coral provides safe place for algae to live in return they get energy

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41
Q

Hard coral difference from soft coral

A

hard coral has smooth tentacles and hard skeleton, soft corals have feathers and are squishy and spongy

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42
Q

reef Lobster scientific name

A

endoplometopus antillensis

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43
Q

reef Lobster physical traits

A

bright color with rings or spots, small (4-5 in)

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44
Q

reef Lobster behavior

A

nocturnal

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45
Q

reef Lobster claws

A

shallow cervical groove (pinchers)

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46
Q

reef Lobster- human interference

A

popular in aquariums but capturing causes reduction in pop and destruction of coral reef

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47
Q

Moray eel scientific name

A

muraenide

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48
Q

Moray eel physical traits

A

actually brown, yellow tint of mucous gives green color
tube like nostrils that they use to locate prey
gills at back of head

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49
Q

Moray eel location

A

found in warm temperate waters everywhere

largest pop in tropical reef

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50
Q

Moray eel number of species

A

200 different species

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51
Q

Moray eel food chain status

A

top of food chain

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52
Q

Moray eel fertilization

A

fertilization is oviparous (eggs and sperm fertilize outside of womb) by technique called spawning

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53
Q

Long-spined black sea urchins scientific name

A

diadema antilarum

54
Q

Long-spined black sea urchins location

A

Atlantic ocean

55
Q

Long-spined black sea urchins physical traits

A

spines are long and up to 4 times the diameter of organism

thin, hollow, break easy

56
Q

Long-spined black sea urchins behavior

A

very light sensitive

waves its spines to move away from shadows

57
Q

Parrot fish reason for name

A

called parrot because the have fused teeth that form beak like plates that make them look like parrots

58
Q

Parrot fish physical traits

A

have thick large scales
females= dull color
males= bright color

59
Q

Parrot fish reproductive system

A

hermaphroditic

females -> males

60
Q

Parrot fish’s prey

A

feed on algae that could hurt the coral

61
Q

Parrot fish habitat

A

live everywhere in coral reefs

62
Q

Pencil urchin physical traits

A

look like long- spined urchins except spines are shorter, thicker, and rounder

63
Q

Pencil urchin location

A

east coast of America to west coast of Africa

64
Q

Sponges structure

A

multicellular
simple organisms
porous

65
Q

Sponges membrane material

A

membrane is made out of mesophyll (jelly)

66
Q

Sponges systems

A

don’t eat, have a brain, or circulatory system

water flows through, sponge takes in oxygen and remove waste

67
Q

Sweetlips scientific name

A

Haemulidae Plectorhinchus spp.

68
Q

Sweetlips reason for name

A

Named for protruding lips live in clusters or pairs

69
Q

Sweetlips feeding habits

A

Nocturnal feeding habits

70
Q

Sweetlips habitat

A

Hide in coral

71
Q

Sweetlips physical traits

A

Patterns change from when they’re a baby ->adult

72
Q

Triton scientific name

A

Charonia spp.

73
Q

Triton’s prey

A

Eat crown of thorn starfish, along with other prey

74
Q

how do Tritons feed?

A

Hold down prey, then paralyzing it with saliva then eating it

75
Q

Barramundi Cod location

A

Indo-pacific region

76
Q

Barramundi Cod reproductive system/ habits

A

Both genders at same time

Catadromus, live in fresh water, have babies in the sea

77
Q

Barramundi Cod physical traits

A

Leopard wanting to be a cheetah

78
Q

Barramundi Cod’s prey

A

Eat crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish(including own species)

79
Q

Barramundi Cod behavior

A

Hide in the caves of coral reefs

80
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish location

A

Indo-pacific region

81
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish scientific name

A

Bolbometopon muricatum

82
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish physical traits

A

Largest of all parrot fish

Blue, green, slate greyish

83
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish behavior

A

Friendly with each other

84
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish’s prey

A

Eat algae and live coral

85
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish reproductive system

A

Start male ->female

86
Q

how does a Bumphead Parrotfish eat?

A

Use bumphead to bump into coral to break off pieces which it eats

87
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish status

A

Categorized as vulnerable b/c of overfishing

88
Q

Bumphead Parrotfish problems

A

Destroy coral reefs

89
Q

Humphead wrasse scientific name

A

cheilines undulatus

90
Q

Humphead wrasse status

A

Naturally rare

91
Q

Humphead wrasse reproductive system

A

hermaphrodites, so some females become males

92
Q

Humphead wrasse life span

A

30 years

93
Q

Humphead wrasse Diet

A

molluscs, fish, sea urchins, crustaceans, toxic crown of thorns starfish, boxfish and sea hares

94
Q

Humphead wrasse region

A

Indo-Pacific region

95
Q

Giant Clam scientific name

A

tridacna spp

96
Q

Giant Clam status

A

vulnerable

97
Q

Giant Clam region

A

indo-pacific region

98
Q

Giant Clam Diet

A

consume sugars and proteins produced by the algae they protect

99
Q

Giant Clam muscles

A

close to slowly to surprise prey

100
Q

Giant Clam life span

A

100+ year life span

101
Q

Giant Clam habitat

A

stays in one spot for life

102
Q

Sea Cucumber relations

A

related to starfish

103
Q

Sea Cucumber physical traits

A

black, brown, or olive green. They have bumpy, leathery skin,

104
Q

Sea Cucumber diet

A

dead organisms in mud or plankton

105
Q

Sea Cucumber region

A

indo-pacific region

106
Q

Flamingo Tongue Snail scientific name

A

cyphoma gibbosum

107
Q

Flamingo Tongue Snail color pattern cause

A

living animal inside produces color pattern

108
Q

Flamingo Tongue Snail diet

A

eats toxic sea fans- to become toxic itself

109
Q

Flamingo Tongue Snail region

A

atlantic

110
Q

Nassau Grouper scientific name

A

Epinephelus striatus

111
Q

Nassau Grouper status

A

overfished

112
Q

Nassau Grouper region

A

atlantic region- south Florida

113
Q

Nassau Grouper fertilisation

A

occurs in water after eggs and sperm are released

114
Q

Gorgonia other name

A

sea whips or sea fans

115
Q

Gorgonia diet

A

plankton

116
Q

Gorgonia region

A

atlantic region

117
Q

Gorgonia relations

A

closely related to coral

118
Q

polyps

A

dead coral

119
Q

coral bleaching

A

coral expels colorful alge and kills reef leaves ghost color

120
Q

zooxanthelae

A

endosymbiotic relationship, unicellular, algae

121
Q

salinity

A

salt content

122
Q

nekton

A

all organisms that swim independent of current

123
Q

benthos

A

near bottom layer of sea

124
Q

zooplankton

A

larger version of photo plankton

125
Q

calcium carbonate

A

dissolves in contact with acid; in coral

126
Q

costal zone

A

near coast/ land and warm nutrient rich, sun can penetrate, shallow edge

127
Q

continentaal shelf

A

200m (shallow) seabed surronding a contient

128
Q

estuary

A

fresh water that merges with salt water -> ocean

129
Q

marshes

A

soft wet land w/o trees lots of plants and animals

130
Q

swamps

A

marsh with trees

131
Q

costal wetlands

A

land covered in water for most/ all year, seasonal

132
Q

intertidal zone

A

portion b/t high low tide, shallow zone of the ocean where land meets water

Science Olympiad (8 decks)

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