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Water Treatment Plant Operator Test Questions > Water Sources, Reservoir Management, Aeration > Flashcards

Water Sources, Reservoir Management, Aeration Flashcards

1
Q

Water rights to a water supply that is acquired for the beneficial use of water by following a specific legal procedure are called?

A

Appropriative

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2
Q

A natural underground layer of porous, water bearing materials usually capable of yielding a large amount of water is called?

A

Aquifer

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3
Q

A connection between a drinking water system and an unapproved or non-potable water supply is called?

A

Cross connection

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4
Q

The theoretical time it takes for a small amount of water to pass through a tank at a given flow rate is called?

A

Detention time

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5
Q

The drop in the water table or level of water in the ground when water is being pumped is called ?

A

Draw down

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6
Q

When is the drawdown taken?

A

When the pump is running?

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7
Q

What do you call the process by which water becomes a gas?

A

Evaporation

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8
Q

The process by which water vapors passes into the atmosphere from living plants is called

A

Evapotranspiration or transpiration

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9
Q

The actual time in hours, minutes, or seconds that a small amount of water is in a basin or tank is called?

A

Detention time

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10
Q

A detailed description of all underground features discovered during the drilling of a well is called?

A

Geological log

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11
Q

What do you call the process of evaporation of water into the air and its returns to Earth by precipitation?

A

Hydrological cycle

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12
Q

Water that contains objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents is called?

A

Non-potable water

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13
Q

Water that is free from objectionable taste, odors, color, and turbidity and is at a desirable temperature is called?

A

Palatable water

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14
Q

Disease causing organisms are called?

A

Pathogens

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15
Q

Water that does not contain objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents and is considered safe to drink is called?

A

Potable water

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16
Q

Water rights which are acquired together with title to the land bordering a source of surface water are called?

A

Riparian rights

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17
Q

When was the safe drinking water act put into law?

A

1974

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18
Q

When was the last safe drinking water act last amended?

A

1996

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19
Q

The annual quantity of water that can be taken from a source of supply over a period of years without depleting the source permanently is called?

A

Safe yield

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20
Q

⭐. A condition that occurs in water tanks or basins that causes the water entering the tank to flow on a direct path from the inlet to the outlet is called?

A

Short circuiting

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21
Q

What is one method of fixing short circuiting?

A

Adding baffles to the tank or basin

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22
Q

The formation of separate layers of temperature, plants, or animal life in a lake or reservoir is called?

A

Stratification

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23
Q

⭐. The cloudy appearance of water caused by the presence of suspended and colloidal matter is called?

A

Turbidity

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24
Q

What is the upper surface of the zone of saturation of groundwater in an unconfined aquifer called?

A

Water table

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25
Q

⭐. The quantity of water that can be collected for a given use from surface or groundwater sources is called?

A

Yield

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26
Q

⭐. Approximately how many feet of water evaporate annually from oceans?

A

6 ft

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27
Q

What percent of treated water has groundwater as its supply source?

A

25%

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28
Q

⭐ What percent of treated water has surface water as its supply source?

A

75%

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29
Q

When do reservoirs or lakes Destratify?

A

Spring or fall?

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30
Q

⭐. Do algae blooms occur during the winter?

A

Yes, but are less likely to occur

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31
Q

⭐. The porous material just above the water table containing water is called?

A

Capillary fringe

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32
Q

⭐ A branch of medicine which studies epidemics is called?

A

Epidemiology

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33
Q

The largest cause of waterborne illness in the United States is called?

A

Cross connection

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34
Q

⭐ Name five physical characteristics of water?

A

Color, taste, odors, turbidity, and temperature

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35
Q

A water system that has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves an average of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days of the year is called?

A

Public water system

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36
Q

⭐ Nephlometric units are used to measure what parameter?

A

Turbidity

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37
Q

A water system that has at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or regularly serves at least 25 year round residents is called?

A

Community water system

38
Q

⭐. Any public water system that is not a community water system is classified as a?

A

Non-community water system

39
Q

The three basic objectives of a WTP operators are?

A

Produce potable and palatable water at a reasonable cost

40
Q

What is the first priority for operating a water treatment plant?

A

Production of palatable water free of harmful bacteria and toxic materials, if that answer is not a choice then health and welfare of the consumer

41
Q

The gathering of liquid or gas on the surface or interface zone of another material is called?

A

Absorption

42
Q

What do you call an electrical system designed to prevent rust, corrosion, or pitting of metallic surfaces that are in contact with water or soil?

A

Catholic protection

43
Q

What is the indicator organism that is found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals including man and also in plants, soil, air, and water?

A

Coliform

44
Q

The development of vertical mixing within a lake or reservoir to eliminate separate layers of temperature, plants, or animal life is called

A

Destructification

45
Q

In direct filtration, which treatment process is omitted?

A

Sedimentation

46
Q

Reservoirs and lakes that are rich in nutrients and very productive in terms of aquatic life and plant life are called?

A

Eutrophic

47
Q

The vertical distance in feet equal to the pressure (PSI) at a specific point is called?

A

Head

48
Q

⭐ What do you call the lowest layer in a thermally stratified lake of reservoirs?

A

Hypolimnion

49
Q

What do you call the portion of a body of freshwater extending from the shoreline Lakeward to the limit of occupancy of rooted plant life?

A

Littoral zone

50
Q

⭐. What is the strip of land along the shoreline between the high and low water levels?

A

Littoral zone

51
Q

⭐. A reservoir or lake that has a moderate amount of nutrients is called?

A

Mesotrophic

52
Q

⭐. Methyl orange is used to measure what water parameter?

A

Alkalinity

53
Q

⭐ What is the middle layer of a thermally stratified lake or reservoir called?

A

Metallimnion or thermocline

54
Q

⭐. Lakes and reservoirs that do not freeze during the winter and are relatively deep and generally undergo a single stratification and mixing cycle are called

A

Monomictic

55
Q

Lakes and reservoirs that are nutrient poor and contain little plant or aquatic plant or animal life are called?

A

Oligotrophic

56
Q

What do you call the spontaneous mixing of all layers of water in a thermally stratified lake or reservoir?

A

Destructification, overturned, turnover

57
Q

What term is used to express the intensity of the basic or acidic condition of water?

A

pH

58
Q

The logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity is called?

A

pH

59
Q

What is the numerical range of pH?

A

0 to 14

60
Q

What do you call the process by which organisms with the aid of chlorophyll convert carbon dioxide and inorganic substances into oxygen and additional plant material, using sunlight for energy?

A

Photosynthesis

61
Q

⭐. What compounds reacts with chlorine to form THMs?

A

Naturally occurring volatile organics

62
Q

Why is air added to a lake or reservoir?

A

To replenish DO

63
Q

A flat, white disc lowered into water by a rope until it is just barely visible is called

A

Secchi disc

64
Q

⭐. The point at which the secchi disc is barely visible is called

A

Secchi disc transparency

65
Q

The minimum odor of a water sample that can be detected after successive dilutions with odorless water is called?

A

Threshold odorless number (TON)

66
Q

⭐. The greatest dilution of a sample with odor-free water that still yields a just detectable odor is called

A

TON

67
Q

⭐. Small, usually microscopic animals found in lakes and reservoirs are called?

A

Zooplankton

68
Q

What change takes place in a lake or reservoir during daytime when there is an algae bloom?

A

pH goes up

69
Q

After sundown what change takes place in a lake or reservoir that has experienced an algae bloom?

A

pH goes down

70
Q

When is the pH at its lowest level in a lake or reservoir?

A

Just before sunrise

71
Q

⭐. After sundown, plants give off carbon dioxide which drastically reduces the dissolved oxygen levels in a lake or reservoir. The oxygen depletion can cause what event?

A

Fishkill

72
Q

⭐. Regulations enacted for land areas that surround a source of water are called?

A

Water shed

73
Q

⭐. What is another name for copper sulfate pentahydrate ( CuSO4 5 H20) ?

A

Bluestone

74
Q

What affects the efficiency of blue stone?

A

Alkalinity, pH, suspended matter, water temperature

75
Q

⭐. If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is less than 50 mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is ?

A

0.9 lb/acre -foot

76
Q

⭐. If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is more than 50 mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is?

A

5.0 lb/ acre-foot

77
Q

⭐. Which acid when added to bluestone, will delay the precipitation of copper sulfate from the blue stone solution?

A

Aliphatic hydroxide acid , such as citric acid

78
Q

What term is used to define a well or underground basin, in which the water is under pressure greater than atmospheric and will rise above the level of its upper confined space if given the opportunity?

A

Artisan water

79
Q

When is the drawdown of a well taken?

A

When the pump is running?

80
Q

What term is used to define a detailed elevation and/or inspection of a source of water supply and all conveyances, storage, treatment and distribution facilities to ensure protection of the water supply from all pollution sources?

A

Sanitary survey

81
Q

The gathering of a gas or liquid on the surface or interface zone of another material is called?

A

Absorption

82
Q

⭐. What do you call small, unusual microscopic plants, such as algae, found in lakes and reservoirs?

A

Phytoplankton

83
Q

⭐. What do you call small unusual microscopic animals found in lakes or reservoirs?

A

Zooplankton

84
Q

⭐. When a reservoir freezes, what action is necessary to protect structures and embankments?

A

Lower the reservoir water level

85
Q

⭐ When a reservoir freezes, ball floats for level control become virtually useless. What other level device can be used in place of a ball float?

A

Bubbler tube or Manometer?

86
Q

⭐ What type of device is usually used for withdrawing water from a lake or reservoir?

A

Multilevel intake

87
Q

⭐ lakes or reservoirs are classified according to what parameter?

A

Depth

88
Q

⭐ What type of lakes or reservoirs are operators more likely to encounter?

A

Second order classification

89
Q

What is the purpose of a screen or trash rack on a multi-level intake structure?

A

To prevent fish, leaves, debris, etc. From entering the water treatment plant

90
Q

.⭐. How can you minimize the entrance of silt into the intake system of a reservoir?

A

Install baffles

91
Q

⭐. To protect the bubbler tube from ice formation, the tube should be equipped with what device?

A

Pyrotenax cable AKA heating tape

Water Treatment Plant Operator Test Questions (16 decks)

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