Water, Weak Acids and Bases

Question 1

Ionic bond

Answer 1

metal + nonmetal, very different electronegativities, unequal sharing of e-s ex. NaCl

Question 2

covalent bond

Answer 2

non-metals, one or more e- shared

Question 3

most important buffer system in the body

Answer 3

Bicarbonate buffer system

HCO3-+H+==H2C03==H2O+CO2

Question 4

3 ways the pH of the body is controlled

Answer 4

• body fluid buffers
• respiratory
• kidneys

Question 5

metabolic alkalosis

Answer 5

Abnormal loss of acid (vomiting)

Question 6

metabolic acidosis

Answer 6

Abnormal loss of base (renal failure)

Question 7

respiratory acidosis

Answer 7

If lungs can’t get rid of C02

Question 8

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 8

If lungs get rid of too much CO2

Question 9

Amphoteric

Answer 9

ex. water can act as a base (OH-) or an acid (H30+)

Question 10

pH =

Answer 10

pKa+Log([A-]/[HA])

Question 11

H20 can bind to ___ molecules of H20 in the liquid state.

Answer 11

3.4

Question 12

H20 can bind to ___ molecules of H20 in the solid state.

Answer 12

4

Question 13

When is a reaction spontaneous?

Answer 13

when delta G is negative

Question 14

hypertonic solution

Answer 14

more concentrated outside the cell, h20 leaves and cell shrivels

Question 15

hypotonic solution

Answer 15

less concentrated outside the cell, h20 enters and the cell bursts

Question 16

what is the pH of a solution of [H]+ = 0.001M

Answer 16

[H]+ = 0.001 = 10^-3 = pH = 3

Question 17

What is Gibbs Free Energy equation?

Answer 17

ΔG=ΔH-TΔS

Question 18

Keq=?

Answer 18

=[C][D]/[A][B]

Question 19

Kw=?

Answer 19

=[H+][OH-]=(1*10^-14)