watson and rayner Flashcards
(14 cards)
explain little albert’s life
raised from birth in a hospital environment
his mom was a wet nurse
he was healthy from birth
nobody had ever seen him in a state of fear or rage as he never cried
why did watson and rayner choose little albert to be apart of their study
he was healthy and well developed
believed the study would do him relatively little harm
what was the procedure of watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 months and 3 days old
white rat taken from basket and present to albert
he reached for the rat and as he touched it his head was struck with a bar
he jumped violently but didn’t cry
he went to touch the rat with his right hand but was struck again
he jumped violently, fell forward and began to whimper
no furhter tests were given for one week to not disturb the child too seriously
what was the procedure of watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 months and 10 days old
rat was presented without sound
albert was fixated with it but didnt reach for it
rat was placed nearer where he began to reach for it
when the rat nosed his hand it was immediately withdrawn
he bang to reach fo it again but withdrew before any contact was made
he was given his blocks after this to quiet him and asses his emotional state
the blocks were always removed from sight when the process of conditioning started
7 episodes of rat being presented with sound and being presented alone
rat was presented alone and albert cried, turned to the left and began to crawl away so quickly he had to be stopped before he fell off the edge of the table
what was the procedure in watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 months and 15 days old where he was presented with a rat
tested first with blocks and he played with them as usual, no transfer of the fear of the rat to the room, table or blocks
rat was presented alone and he whimpered immediately, withdrew his hand and turned himself away
blocks were given again and he played as usual
rat was presented alone and he leaned over as far away from the rat as possible and then scurried away as quickly as possible
blocks given again, played with them as usual
what was the procedure of watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 month and 15 days old and was presented with a rabbit
rabbit was presented alone and he leaned as far away from it as he could, began whimpering and then cried
when rabbit was placed into contact with him, he crawled away whilst crying
blocks presented again after an interval and he played as before
what was the procedure of watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 months and 15 days old and was presented with a dog
dog presented alone and he didnt produce a violent reaction- he was fixated on it and when it got out of his vision he was quiet
dog approached his head and albert straightened up immediately, turned away and cried
blocks presented again and he played with them immediately
what was the procedure of watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 months and 15 days old (state only after the dog was shown)
fur coat was placed by albert
he withdrew immediately and began to fret
coat was put closer to his left side where he leaned away from it originally and he turned away, crawled and cried
what was the procedure of watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 months and 15 days old and presented with cotton wool
cotton wool was presented in a paper package initially but they took it out and placed it on his feet
albert kicked it away but didnt touch it with his hands
when his hand was laid on the wool he withdrew immediately but didnt show shock that the animals or fur coat produced in him
what was the procedure of watson and rayners study when little albert was 11 months and 15 days old when he was presented with the santa clause mask
he reacted negatively, in the same way with the cotton wool and fur coat
what did watson and rayner conclude
conditioned emotional responses could persist over time and possible last a lifetime
conditioned fears may persist indefinitely unless removed accidentally or through specific interventions
what were the ethical implications of watson and rayners study
albert’s mother may not have given fully informed consent
study caused unnecessary fear and distress
no attempt was made to decondition the fear
can the findings of watson and rayners study be generalised
no as there was only 1 pps and albert’s upbringing in a hospital environment was unique to him
how may the findings of watson and rayners study be applied to phobias
showed that fears can be learned and generalised which lays the groundwork for therapies like systematic desensitisation
