Waves

Question 1

Wave : definition

Answer 1

Waves transfer energy from one place to another

Question 2

Transverse waves

Answer 2

Particles of the medium (air/water) vibrate (move to and fro) at right angles to the direction of travel of the wave

Question 3

particles of the medium vibrate in the same direction as - ie parallel to - the direction of travel of the wave.

Answer 3

In longitudinal waves the particles of the medium vibrate in the same direction as - ie parallel to - the direction of travel of the wave.

Question 4

Crest

Answer 4

High parts of a wave

Question 5

Troughs

Answer 5

Low parts of waves

Question 6

Wavelength

Answer 6

The distance between any two successive peaks (or between any two successive troughs)

Question 7

Amplitude

Answer 7

the height of a crest above the average level (or the depth of a trough below it)

Question 8

Frequency

Answer 8

the number of waves per second - or the number of cycles per second or the number of oscillations per second.

Question 9

What longitudinal waves have instead of peaks and troughs?

Answer 9

Compressions and rarefactions

Question 10

Wave equation

Answer 10

Speed = frequency x wavelength

Question 11

Frequency measurement

Answer 11

Hz

Question 12

Wavelength measurement

Answer 12

M

Question 13

What is used to change sound waves into electrical signals?

Answer 13

Microphone

Question 14

What is the loudness of a sound measured by?

Answer 14

It’s amplitude

Question 15

What is the pitch of a sound measured by?

Answer 15

Its frequency

Question 16

Relationship between angle of incidence and angle of reflection

Answer 16

I = r

Question 17

speed of waves in shallow water

Answer 17

Slow

Question 18

Wavelength of waves in shallow water

Answer 18

Shorter

Question 19

Frequency of waves in shallow water

Answer 19

The same

Question 20

Why does the speed of waves change in shallow water?

Answer 20

Cannot keep up increase friction in shallow water

Question 21

Echo

Answer 21

A sound wave is reflected off a hard surface

Question 22

How can we calculate how far away object are

Answer 22

Using echoes and the speed of sound

Question 23

Radar

Answer 23

An object detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction or speed of objects

Question 24

How does radar work?

Answer 24

Radar dish or antenna transmits, pulses, radio, waves, or microwaves, which bounces off any object in their path
Object returns, tiny part of waves energy to dash/antenna, which is usually located at the same site as transmitter 

Question 25

Ultrasound

Answer 25

Signs which have a frequency above the range of human hearing

Question 26

Ultrasound

Answer 26

Ultrasonic sounds

Question 27

Ultrasound frequency

Answer 27

Above 20 kHz = 20,000 Hz

Question 28

Uses of ultrasound

Answer 28

- medicine 👩‍⚕️ - Industrial cleaning 🧼 - sonar 🔊🐟 ⛴️

Question 29

Sonar uses

Answer 29

- Depth of water 📏 🌊 - detect shoals of fish 🐟 - Warships use this to detect submarines ⛴️

Question 30

Medical uses of ultrasound

Answer 30

- Ultrasonic scans - Break up kidney stones - Physiotherapy

Question 31

Ultrasonic scans

Answer 31

- Build a picture of unborn baby in the womb - Safer than x-rays, x-rays damage body cells of mother and baby

Question 32

Industrial cleaning ultrasound

Answer 32

Some industrial processes make use of ultrasound dust is shake it off by vibrations

Question 33

What does sonar stand for?

Answer 33

SOund Navigation and Ranging

Question 34

Electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 34

Family of waves, which have several properties in common

Question 35

Similarities of electromagnetic spectrum waves

Answer 35

- Can travel through a vacuum - Travel through a vacuum at the same speed (speed of light, 300,000,000 m/s) - Are all electromagnetic waves

Question 36

Gamma rays

Answer 36

Short wave lengths with high frequencies

Question 37

Radio waves

Answer 37

Long wavelength with low frequencies

Question 38

What increases as wave frequency increases?

Answer 38

Energy that waves carry

Question 39

What is part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Answer 39

The visible spectrum

Question 40

High frequency radiation, danger

Answer 40

Causes more damage to living tissues

Question 41

Danger of microwaves

Answer 41

Can cause internal heating of body tissues

Question 42

Infrared radiation dangers

Answer 42

Felt as heat and can cause skin burns

Question 43

Certain wavelengths of ultraviolet light, dangers

Answer 43

Can damage skin cells and lead to skin cancer

Question 44

Intense visible light, dangers

Answer 44

Can damage eyes

Question 45

Dangers of x-rays and gamma rays

Answer 45

Damage cells which may lead to cancer 10 to damage the DNA in cells

Question 46

Dangers of large doses of radio waves

Answer 46

- Believed to cause **cancer, leukaemia,** and **other disorders** - Some claim very low frequency radio waves from overhead power cables near homes has affected health. - **not been reliably proven**