Waves

Question 1

Waves types of necessity of the medium

Answer 1

1. Mechanical Waves: Requires medium for propagation
2. Non-mechanical waves: Do not require medium for propagation

Question 2

Waves types of direction of propagation

Answer 2

1. 1D: Wave on a strng
2. 2D: Wave of the surface of water
3. 3D: Light Wave, Sound wave due to a point source

Question 3

Waves types of propagation of energy

Answer 3

1. Progressive Wave: propagates with a constant velocity which results in the transportation of energy and momentum
2. Standing Wave: the energy remains confined between two extreme points

Question 4

Waves types of vibration of particle and wave velocity

Answer 4

1. Transverse Wave: Waves in which the direction of the particle is perpendicular to that of the wave velocity
2. Longitudinal Wave: Waves in which vibration of the particle is parallel to that of the direction of wave

Question 5

Wavelength

Answer 5

Distance between any two consecutive points vibrating in same phase

Question 6

Frequency

Answer 6

No. of oscillations completed by the particle in the medium a in a single second

Question 7

Time period

Answer 7

Time taken by a wave to travel one wavelength

Question 8

Amplitude

Answer 8

Maximum displacement of a particle from its mean position

Question 9

Angular Frequency

Answer 9

Total change in the phase within a single second
w = 2pi/T

Question 10

Wave Number(K)

Answer 10

k = 2pi/λ

Question 11

Relation betwen phase and path difference

Answer 11

Phase = 2pi/λ * path

Question 12

vmax and amax

Answer 12

Aw and Aw^2

Question 13

Velocity of a transverse on a string

Answer 13

v = root tension(T)/Linear mass density(µ)
where µ = Mass of the string/length of the string

Question 14

Power and intensity transmitted by a transverse wave

Answer 14

P = 2pi^2A^2f^2µ
Intensity = Power/Area

Question 15

Nodes and Antinodes

Answer 15

Nodes: Points on which the wave is always at rest
Antinodes: Points performing with the maximum amplitude

Question 16

Length and Frequency of the nth harmonic of standing waves, when both ends are fixed

Answer 16

L = nλ/2
F = nv/2L

Question 17

Length and Frequency of the nth harmonic of standing waves, when one end is fixed

Answer 17

L = (2n-1)λ/2
F = (2n-1)v/4L

Question 18

Length and Frequency of the nth harmonic in a closed organ pipe

Answer 18

L = (2n-1)λ/2
F = (2n-1)v/4L

Question 19

Length and Frequency of the nth harmonic in an open organ pipe

Answer 19

L = nλ/2
F = nv/2L

Question 20

Beat Frequency(f)

Answer 20

f1-f2

Question 21

Sound Level Intensity(B)

Answer 21

10log10(I/Io) dB, where Io = 10^-12

Question 22

Real frequency in doppler’s effect in sound waves

Answer 22

f(v±vom/v±(-vsm)), where f = apparent frequency,
v = velocity of sound w.r.t medium,
vsm = velocity of source w.r.t medium,
v.o.m = velocity of the medium w.r.t medium