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Grade 10 Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Pulse Def.

A

Is a single disturbance that is propagated from one end to another in a medium.

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2
Q

Amplitude Def.

A

The max. displacement of a particle from its rest position.

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3
Q

The principle of superposition

A

Superposition occurs when two or more waves overlap in the same place at the same time and intereference can be observed.

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4
Q

Types of superposition

A

Constructive and destructive.

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5
Q

Transverse wave def.

A

is a wave on which the direction of the particle’s vibration is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation

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6
Q

Crest

A

Highest point on a wave

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7
Q

Trough

A

Lowest point on a wave

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8
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance between two consecutive points that are in phase

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9
Q

Examples of a transverse wave

A

Water and light

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10
Q

wavelength symbol and unit

A

… and meters (m)

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11
Q

In phase

A

When two points on a wave are performing the same movement

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12
Q

Out of phase

A

When two points on a wave are moving with the same speed but in exactly the opposite direction to one another

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13
Q

Frequency def.

A

Is the no. of cycles of a wave per second

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14
Q

Frequency symbol and unit

A

f and Hertz(Hz)

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15
Q

Period def.

A

is the time taken to complete one cycle of a wave to pass a fixed point

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16
Q

Period symbol and unit

A

T and seconds (s)

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17
Q

Wave speed

A

Is the distance travelled by a wave in one second

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18
Q

Wave speed symbol and unit

A

v and m.s-1

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19
Q

Longitudinal waves

A

When particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of propagation of the waves

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20
Q

*Longitudinal waves wavelength is drawn…

A

starting from the middle of compression or rarefraction to the middle of the other one

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21
Q

Sound waves need medium (particles) to move?

A

Yes

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22
Q

Sound waves = vsolid>vliquid>vgas

23
Q

Compression

Study These Flashcards
A

Parts of the spring where the coils are pressed together

24
Q

Rarefraction

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A

Parts of the spring where the coils are stretched out

25
Light waves need medium (particles) to move?
No
26
Speed of light
c=3*10 to the power of 8 m.s-1
27
Pitch
Frequency of a sound wave
28
Loudness
Amplitude of a sound wave
29
Human Hearing numbers
20 Hz to 20 000 Hz (or 20kHz)
30
Echo def.
Reflection of sound
31
Sonar def.
Sound Navigation Ranging
32
Uses of sonar
Submarines use sonar to detect other vessels Oceanographers use sonar to map the contours of the ocean floor (AN ACTIVE SONAR SET send out sound pulses called PINGS, then receives the returning sound as echo)
33
Delta x= v. Delta t
* t must be over 2 as the waves go and come back. unless specified in the question whatever.
34
Ultrasound def.
Is the sound that has frequencies that are higher than the range of human hearing
35
Range of Ultrasound
From 20 000 Hz (20kHz) to 100 000 Hz (100 kHz)
36
Applications of Ultrasound
In animals: Bats are blind and send ultrasound signals having higher frequency and a short wavelength Dolphins use ultrasound to detect other objects or creatures In the medical field: Ultrasound does not damage the soft tissue of the human body and that is why when taking a sonar image of an unborn baby inside a mother's womb ultrasound is preferred and not x-rays as that damages tissue and could be harmful to the unborn baby or the human body in general It is also used to break down kidney stones or gall stones
37
E.M Radiation
Moving by accelerating charges Magnetic fields and electric fields chrage/regenerate each other
38
E.M Spectrum in order
1. Radio waves 2. Microwaves 3. Infrared rays 4. Visible light 5. Ultraviolet 6. X-rays 7. Gamma rays
39
In the E.M spectrum which wave has the longest wavelength?
Radio waves
40
In the E.M spectrum which wave has the shortest wavelength?
Gamma rays
41
In the E.M spectrum which wave has the lowest frequency?
Radio waves
42
In the E.M spectrum which wave has the highest frequency?
Gamma rays
43
Radio waves have the ... wavelength in E.M Spectrum
longest
44
Microwaves uses
For cooking purposes and for satelite communiication and cell phones
45
Infrared rays
Not detected by the human eye used in TV remote controls Improves night vision - infrared cameras can detect the infrared radiation emitted by objects USED IN THE MILITARY
46
Visible light spectrum
*ROYGBIV Red (longest wavelength in the visible light spectrum. + highest frequency) Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet (shortest wavelength in visible light spectrum.+ highest frequency) Our sense of sight can detect visible light
47
Ultraviolet Rays (UV rays)
comes from the sun and is invisible to the naked eye sun emits large amounts of ultra violet light which is fortunately mostly absorbed by the ozone layer in the atmosphere. btw is harmful to humans
48
X-rays
Are roduced by the slowing down of very fast electrons when they transfer energy to the inner orbital electrons in atoms
49
Gamma rays
Have the greatest penetrating power and can pass through many meters of concrete are produced by energuy changes inside the nucleus of radioactive substances (elements)
50
Penetrating ability of E.M Radiation
During exposure to E.M Radiation, the radiation may: Be partially reflected Be absorbed Penetrate right through a substance
51
Danger of Radiation
Excessive exposure to UV rays can cause increased aging, skin damage, damage to eyes and even cancer High doses of X-rays can damage body tissue and also cause cancer
52
Photon
Is a quantum of EM Radiation, a pocket of energy that light and other EM Radiation is composed of
53
Unit conversion
1 pm = 10 to the power of -12 meters 1 nm = 10 to the power of -9 meters 1 micro meter m = 10 to the power of -6 meters 1 mm = 10 to the power of -3 meters 1 km = 10 to the power of 3 meters 1 Mm = 10 to the power of 6 meters 1 Gm = 10 to the power of 9 meters 1 Tm = 10 to the power of 12 meters

Grade 10 Physics (1 decks)

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