Waves

Question 1

Oscillation

Answer 1

Regular variation in the motion of an object

Question 2

Period

Answer 2

Time taken for one complete oscillation (time/cycles)

Question 3

Frequency

Answer 3

Number of oscillations that take place per unit time (cycles/time)

Question 4

Mechanical wave

Answer 4

A wave that does require a medium to transfer energy

Question 5

Electromagnetic wave

Answer 5

A wave that does not require a medium to transfer energy

Question 6

Longitudinal

Answer 6

Particles of the medium move parallel to the direction of the wave energy

Question 7

Transverse

Answer 7

Particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of the wave

Question 8

Pulse

Answer 8

A single bump or disturbance (1/2 wavelength)

Question 9

Cycle

Answer 9

One complete wavelength (vibration)

Question 10

Periodic wave

Answer 10

A series of pulses (waveform, continuous)

Question 11

Principle of superposition

Answer 11

When two or more waves (pulses) meet, the resulted displacement is the vector sum of the displacements of the individual components

Question 12

Natural frequency

Answer 12

The frequency at which an object naturally vibrates due to its physical properties

Question 13

Resonance

Answer 13

Energy is transferred to a system by making it vibrate at its natural frequency resulting in large amplitude standing waves

Question 14

Sound speed

Answer 14

Air STP: 331 m/s (ref table)
Air room temp: 340 m/s

Question 15

Light speed

Answer 15

Vacuum (c): 3.00x10^8 m/s (ref table)
Air: 3.00 x10^8 m/s

Question 16

How can speed change?

Answer 16

Change medium

(eg sound faster in deep water, sound faster in solid things, waves faster in tighter coils)

Question 17

Sound amp and frequency

Answer 17

Amplitude- loudness
Frequency- pitch

Question 18

EM wave with most energy?

Answer 18

Means highest frequency (infrared)

Question 19

Light amp and frequency

Answer 19

Amp- brightness
Frequency- type/color

Question 20

Wave into more dense material

Answer 20

Wavelength, amp, speed decrease for transmitted part

Reflected part is out of phase

Question 21

Characteristics that stay the same as wave crosses boundary

Answer 21

Frequency, period, phase

Question 22

Wave into less dense material

Answer 22

Wavelength, amp, speed increase for transmitted part

Part reflected back in phase

Question 23

Control variable in single and two media

Answer 23

Single- speed stays same
Two- frequency stays same

Question 24

standing wave

Answer 24

Resultant wave from two waves equal amp and frequency traveling in opposite directions and interfering

Question 25

Node and anti node standing wave

Answer 25

Node: constant destructive interference, out of phase Anti node: maximum constructive interference, in phase

Question 27

Fundamental frequency

Answer 27

1.5 Hz

Question 28

In simple harmonic oscillations, what two quantities always have opposite directions?

Answer 28

Acceleration and displacement