waves

Question 1

what is a wave

Answer 1

waves transfer energy from one place to another as a result of oscillations of particles or fields

Question 2

in a longitudinal wave..

Answer 2

vibrations are parallel to the direction of the wave
vibrations go the opposite direction of the wave

Question 3

give an example of a longitudinal wave

Answer 3

sound wave

Question 4

sound reaches our ears

Answer 4

as a result of particles colliding and transferring sound energy

Question 5

wavelength

Answer 5

the length of one full wave between two identical points

Question 6

amplitude (yap and simple answer)

Answer 6

the maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium decision
The loudness of a sound is a measure of the amplitude of the wave.

Question 7

frequency and measurement

Answer 7

the no of full oscillations/waves per sec
measuerd in hertz h

Question 8

draw a transverse and sound wave and label the rarefraction wavelength equilibrium compression
amplitude

Question 9

what wave property determines the volume of a sound

Answer 9

amplitude

Question 9

what wave property determines the pitch of a sound

Answer 9

frequency

Question 10

what is a transverse wave

Answer 10

vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of the wave

Question 11

what would waves with high and low amplitude look like and what would it show

Answer 11

high amplitude - waves are tall, showing that it is loud
low amplitude - waves are small, showing that it is quiet

Question 12

what would waves with high and low frequency look like and what would it show

Answer 12

high frequency - many waves, showing that it is a high pitch
low frequency - small amount of waves, showing that it is low pitch

Question 12

what do sounds travel fastest in

Answer 12

solids

Question 13

what do sounds travel slowest in

Answer 13

gases

Question 14

why do sound waves travel fast through solids

Answer 14

particles are all stationary and touching

Question 15

why do sound waves travel slowest through liquids

Answer 15

particles are far apart and moving

Question 16

in a given substance, sound….

Answer 16

travels at a constant speed

Question 16

what is an echo

Answer 16

a reflected sound

Question 17

explain how echolocation works and list 4 animals that do echolocation

Answer 17

an animal makes a sound which reflects off a surface/object, creating an echo that travels back to the origin of the noise
bats, shrews, whales, dolphins

Question 18

how do we calculate distance

Answer 18

speed x time

Question 19

what does the pinna do

Answer 19

collects sound waves

Question 20

ear canal

Answer 20

where the sound waves travel along

Question 21

ear drum

Answer 21

collects the sound and transmits vibrations to the ossicles

Question 22

ossicles

Answer 22

amplify the vibration

Question 23

name the 3 bones off the ossicles

Answer 23

malleus, incus, and stapes

Question 24

cochlea

Answer 24

turn the vibrations into electrical signals via the movement of fluid over tiny hairs

Question 25

auditory nerve

Answer 25

takes the signal to the brain

Question 25

how does sound travel through our ear

Answer 25

when a sound reaches us, the air particles inside our ear canal vibrate and hit the eardrum. the eardrum then starts vibrating and these vibrations are passed to the ossicles which amplifies the vibrations. the ossicles hits the cochlea, which turns the vibrations into an electrical signal that is sent to our brain via the auditory nerve. when the signal reaches our brain, our brain translates the signal into the sound we hear.

Question 26

give an example of a transverse wave

Answer 26

a light wave

Question 26

light waves do not require _______ to _______ _____________

Answer 26

particles transfer energy

Question 27

why do we see lightning before thunder

Answer 27

because light waves travels faster than sound waves

Question 28

by changing the frequency of light..

Answer 28

we change the colour of light we see

Question 29

what are the primary colours of light

Answer 29

red green blue

Question 30

what are the secondary colours of light

Answer 30

magenta cyan yellow

Question 31

how do we make each secondary colour of light

Answer 31

magenta - red and blue cyan - green and blue yellow - red and green

Question 31

what is white

Answer 31

all the colours

Question 32

why might a blue cube look blue under a white light

Answer 32

it reflects the blue light as white contains all the colours

Question 33

why might a yellow cube look yellow under a white light

Answer 33

it reflects the red and green as white light is made up of all the colours

Question 34

why might a blue cube look black under a red light

Answer 34

it doesnt reflect the red light + theres no blue light to reflect

Question 35

why might a yellow cube look red under a red light

Answer 35

it only has red light to reflect, and theres no green light to reflect

Question 36

a yellow cube looks yellow under a yellow light because

Answer 36

kit reflects both green and red light;

Question 37

name the three characteristics of an image reflected in a plane mirror

Answer 37

image is reversed image is same sixe image is the same distance as the one being reflected in the mirror

Question 38

what might a diagram of reflection look like

Answer 38

a line in the middle which is the normal. two diagonal lines of equal distance away from the normal known as the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection

Question 39

law of reflection

Answer 39

angle of incidence = the angle of reflection

Question 39

what is refraction

Answer 39

the change of the direction of a wave when it enters a different medium at its angle

Question 40

in a less refractive substance

Answer 40

light travels away from the normal

Question 40

in a more refractive substance

Answer 40

light travels toward the normal

Question 41

dont forget mort and lora

Question 41

the order of water glass air from most to least refractive is

Answer 41

glass water air

Question 42

what effect does a convex lense have on light rays and who is it for

Answer 42

converge, long sighted

Question 43

what effect does a concave lense have on light rays and who is it for

Answer 43

diverge, short sighted

Question 44

iris

Answer 44

coloured circle around the pupil. It controls the size of the pupil

Question 45

pupil

Answer 45

black part of the eye. This is an opening that lets light in

Question 46

cornea

Answer 46

a transparent dome, sits in front of the colored part of the eye. it protects the eye from uv rays and REFRACTS LIGHT

Question 47

lens

Answer 47

This focuses light onto the retina

Question 48

how does the lens help us to focus on crap

Answer 48

closer objects - lens becomes thick so it can refract more strongly further objects - lens pulled thin so it can slightly refract

Question 49

retina

Answer 49

light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. converts light into electrical impulses which are sent to the brain through the optic nerve

Question 50

optic nerve

Answer 50

carries electrical impulses from the retina to the brain. The brain turns these into an image of what we are looking at