Waves Flashcards
(75 cards)
1
Q
a wave is a
A
transfer of energy
2
Q
examples of waves
A
vibrations, sound, water, seismic
3
Q
2 general catagories of waves
A
electrogmagnetic and mechanical
4
Q
What are electromagnetic waves & exampls
A
- waves that are produced by the back and forth motion of tiny particles - they travel through space requiring no material (medium). They can transmit energy through a vacum - ex. light, radio, x-rays, infrared
5
Q
what are mechanical waves & ex
A
- waves that deal w/ matter and mass - they travel through a medium ex. sound, water waves, jump rope waves
6
Q
T/F they both require a medium in order to exist
A
T
7
Q
What are 3 types of mechanical waves
A
- transvere waves, longitudinal, surface
8
Q
transverse waves
A
- a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves
9
Q
longitudinal waves
A
waves in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that the wave moves (sound wave) - only longitudinal waves can travel through liquids
10
Q
surface waves
A
a wave in which particles of the medium undergo a circular motion
11
Q
medium
A
the matter that the wave moves through
12
Q
crest
A
top part of the wave
13
Q
trough
A
bottom part of the wave
14
Q
amplitude (A)
A
magnitude of a wave
15
Q
Wavelength
A
distance for one complete wave (m)
16
Q
period (T)
A
time for one complete wave to pass a point
17
Q
Frequency (f)
A
number of crests that pass a particular point per unit of time - measured in Hz
18
Q
wave equation
A
speed = frequency X wavelength
19
Q
As a wave travels through a medium what will often happen?
A
it will often reach the end of the medium and encounter an obstacle or perhaps another medium through whitch it could travel
20
Q
when one medium ends and another begins; the interface of the two mediums are called
A
a boundry
21
Q
the behaviour of a wave at that boundry is described as
A
boundry behaviour
22
Q
what does not change as waves move from one medium into another
A
frequency
23
Q
what are the 2 most common behaviours of the wave
A
reflection or refraction
24
Q
when does reflection occur
A
when a wave hits another boundry and reflects back
25
when does refraction occour and what is it
refraction is the bending of a wave it occurs when the wave hits an object at an angle or enters a new medium it results from the change in a wave's speed
26
SPEED OF A WAVE - depends on - speed of water waves depend on - speed of rope waves depend on - speed of sound in air depends on
- properties of the medium - depth of water - force extered on the rope - temp (lower=denser=slower)
27
T/F waves can be at the same place at the same time
T
28
What is the superposition principle
when one or more waves occupy the same space at the same time, the displacements add at every point
29
what is the result of the superposition of two or more waves called
interferance
30
within an interferance pattern wave effects may be
increased, decreased, neutralized
31
Constructive interferance
- occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of increased amplitude
32
destructive interferance
- occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of decreased amplitude
33
how are standing waves formed
the waves that occour when two sets of waves of equal amplitude and wavelength pass through each other in opposite directions - the waves are steadily in and out of phase with each other - occour when a wave reflects upon itself
34
What are nodes
points of zero displacement (low energy)
35
what are the points of maximium displacement (high energy)
antinodes
36
Dopler Effect
- the shift in frequency due to motion of a vibrating source toward or away from a receiver - the pitch (frequency) of sound increases when a source moves towards you decreases when the source moves away -ex siren
37
what is produced when a wave sources moves as fast as the waves it produces
a wave barrior
38
an airplance travelling at the speed of sound creates a wall of compressed air called the..
sound barrior
39
the cone shaped disturbance made by an object moving a supersonic speed through a fluid (air or water) is called a
shock wave
40
an airplane that is travelling faster than the speed of sound creates a.. that you hear as a..
creates a shock wave hear as a sonic boom
41
an observer on the ground hears a sonic boom when the an airplaine is travelling at ____ speed than the speed of sound
greater
42
# Reversed Waves Cards
transfer of energy
a wave is a
43
# Reversed Waves Cards
vibrations, sound, water, seismic
examples of waves
44
# Reversed Waves Cards
electrogmagnetic and mechanical
2 general catagories of waves
45
# Reversed Waves Cards
- waves that are produced by the back and forth motion of tiny particles - they travel through space requiring no material (medium). They can transmit energy through a vacum - ex. light, radio, x-rays, infrared
What are electromagnetic waves & exampls
46
# Reversed Waves Cards
- waves that deal w/ matter and mass - they travel through a medium ex. sound, water waves, jump rope waves
what are mechanical waves & ex
47
# Reversed Waves Cards
- transvere waves, longitudinal, surface
What are 3 types of mechanical waves
48
# Reversed Waves Cards
- a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves
transverse waves
49
# Reversed Waves Cards
waves in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that the wave moves (sound wave) - only longitudinal waves can travel through liquids
longitudinal waves
50
# Reversed Waves Cards
a wave in which particles of the medium undergo a circular motion
surface waves
51
# Reversed Waves Cards
the matter that the wave moves through
medium
52
# Reversed Waves Cards
top part of the wave
crest
53
# Reversed Waves Cards
bottom part of the wave
trough
54
# Reversed Waves Cards
magnitude of a wave
amplitude (A)
55
# Reversed Waves Cards
distance for one complete wave (m)
Wavelength
56
# Reversed Waves Cards
time for one complete wave to pass a point
period (T)
57
# Reversed Waves Cards
number of crests that pass a particular point per unit of time - measured in Hz
Frequency (f)
58
# Reversed Waves Cards
speed = frequency X wavelength
wave equation
59
# Reversed Waves Cards
it will often reach the end of the medium and encounter an obstacle or perhaps another medium through whitch it could travel
As a wave travels through a medium what will often happen?
60
# Reversed Waves Cards
a boundry
when one medium ends and another begins; the interface of the two mediums are called
61
# Reversed Waves Cards
boundry behaviour
the behaviour of a wave at that boundry is described as
62
# Reversed Waves Cards
frequency
what does not change as waves move from one medium into another
63
# Reversed Waves Cards
reflection or refraction
what are the 2 most common behaviours of the wave
64
# Reversed Waves Cards
when one or more waves occupy the same space at the same time, the displacements add at every point
What is the superposition principle
65
# Reversed Waves Cards
interferance
what is the result of the superposition of two or more waves called
66
# Reversed Waves Cards
- occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of increased amplitude
Constructive interferance
67
# Reversed Waves Cards
- occurs when the individual effects of each wave added together produces a wave of decreased amplitude
destructive interferance
68
# Reversed Waves Cards
the waves that occour when two sets of waves of equal amplitude and wavelength pass through each other in opposite directions - the waves are steadily in and out of phase with each other - occour when a wave reflects upon itself
how are standing waves formed
69
# Reversed Waves Cards
points of zero displacement (low energy)
What are nodes
70
# Reversed Waves Cards
antinodes
what are the points of maximium displacement (high energy)
71
# Reversed Waves Cards
- the shift in frequency due to motion of a vibrating source toward or away from a receiver - the pitch (frequency) of sound increases when a source moves towards you decreases when the source moves away -ex siren
Dopler Effect
72
# Reversed Waves Cards
a wave barrior
what is produced when a wave sources moves as fast as the waves it produces
73
# Reversed Waves Cards
sound barrior
an airplance travelling at the speed of sound creates a wall of compressed air called the..
74
# Reversed Waves Cards
shock wave
the cone shaped disturbance made by an object moving a supersonic speed through a fluid (air or water) is called a
75
# Reversed Waves Cards
creates a shock wave hear as a sonic boom
an airplane that is travelling faster than the speed of sound creates a.. that you hear as a..
