Waves chapter 1 Flashcards

Question

Wave properties symbol ?

Answer 1

Wavelength λ Length often in metres (m) Frequency f Cycles per second often in Hz or s−1 Period T Time often in seconds (s) Amplitude A Displacement often in metres (m) OR pressure often in pascal (Pa)

Answer 2

frequency and period are inversely proportional. if frequency doubles then period will halve and vice versa

Answer 3

amplitude (also known as intensity) tells us how bright the light is

Answer 4

e source of the wave determines its frequency

Answer 5

The physical properties of the medium through which a wave travels determines its speed

Answer 6

The speed and frequency of a wave are both determined by external factors. In order to change their values these external factors must also change.

Answer 7

Wave frequency will be determined by how fast the source of the wave is vibrating/oscillating. The faster the source is vibrating the higher the frequency of a wave. Take sound for example, a speaker vibrating slower will produce a sound at a lower frequency. Light is another example, the faster an atom vibrates, such as when it gets hotter, the higher the frequency electromagnetic wave it will produce.

Answer 8

the range of all electromagnetic waves ordered by frequency and wavelength

Answer 9

the transmission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves or high-speed particles

Answer 10

Radio waves ,Microwaves Infrared, Ultraviolet X-rays , Gamma rays

Answer 11

Visable spectrum , other reigons are invisable to the human eye

Answer 12

The Sun emits radiation mostly as infrared (≈ 50%), visible light (≈ 40%), and ultraviolet ( ≈ 10%).

Answer 13

travel long distance uninterrupted due to thier long wavelenght Diffract around obstacles like buildings and mountains and can reflect off the ionosphere to help travel long distances.

Answer 14

3 usages - mostly used in radio and televison communication , where they are emitted by radio towers and picked up by antennae on devices such as car radios

Answer 15

used to heat food in microwave ovens used in mobile phone signals , wi-fi and rader system

Answer 16

It is also used in some forms of signal transmission such as TV remote controls thermal vision goggles use infrared and convert it to visible light to ‘see’ temperature

Answer 17

allows humans , and many species to see . White light contains all frequencies of visible light

Answer 18

1-Red is at the low frequency/long wavelength end of the visible spectrum 2- violet is at the high frequency/short wavelength end as shown

Answer 19

Used in sterilisation processes and to cure (harden) different materials due to its high energy Used in black lights (UV light bulbs) for forensic analysis

Answer 20

High energy and highly penetrating. Can damage the DNA in cells or even kill cells in significant doses. Produced by cosmic objects and used by astronomers to study those objects.

Answer 21

Useful for imaging bone structures as they pass easily through soft tissue

Answer 22

Used in medicine to target and kill tumour cells but care must be taken to minimise damage to other cells

Answer 23

the angle to the normal of a ray approaching a medium boundary

Answer 24

the angle to the normal of a ray reflected at a medium boundary

Answer 25

the angle to the normal of a ray refracted at a medium boundary

Answer 26

The critical angle is the incident angle at which the refracted angle is 90°

Answer 27

an imaginary line perpendicular to the medium boundary at the point of incidence

Answer 28

the change in direction of a wave moving between two mediums with different refractive indices

Answer 29

for a given medium, the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in that medium

Answer 30

the reflection of all incident light at a boundary between two mediums

Answer 31

the transfer of wave energy through or between wave mediums

Answer 32

Light crossing the boundary at an angle of incidence of 0° means that it will not change direction, however its speed (and therefore its wavelength) will still be affected by changing

Answer 33

bends toward the normal therefore the angle of refraction θr will be less than the angle of incidence θi

Answer 34

bends away from the normal therefore the angle of refraction θr will be greater than the angle of incidence θi

Answer 35

We use Snell’s Law to calculate the direction light, compared to the normal, will move after travelling through the boundary between mediums. Snell’s Law

Answer 36

Snell’s Law has a wide range of applications in optics, the branch of physics that studies the behaviour of light, helping construct cameras, eyeglasses and contact lenses.

Answer 37

layer of a lower refractive index material forming a protective coating around the inner core of a fibre optic cable

Answer 38

the separation of white light into its constituent colours due to the different refractive indices for different frequencies (colours) of light in a given medium

Answer 39

a single cable containing one or more optical fibres encased in cladding to protect it from the environment

Answer 40

a deceptive or misinterpreted sensory experience

Answer 41

a glass fibre that utilises total internal reflection to transmit light over long distances

Answer 42

the Sun is behind the observer, * there are water droplets in the air, * the observer is far enough away from the water droplets, * sufficiently bright sunlight reaches the water droplets to disperse and reflect light into the observer’s eyes.

Answer 43

r red (λ ≈ 700 nm) and violet (λ ≈ 380 nm)

Waves chapter 1 Flashcards

(72 cards)