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Physics > Waves In Matter > Flashcards

Waves In Matter Flashcards

1
Q

What is a wave?

A

A regular disturbance that transfers energy in the direction the wave is travelling without transferring matter

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of waves?

A
  1. Longitudinal
  2. Transverse
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3
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

A wave for which the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

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4
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

A wave for which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy of transfer.

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5
Q

Give 2 examples of transverse waves

A
  1. Electromagnetic waves
  2. Seismic s-waves
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6
Q

Give 2 examples of longitudinal waves

A
  1. Sound waves
  2. Seismic p-waves
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7
Q

What are 2 parts of a longitudinal wave called?

A

Compressions and rarefactions

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8
Q

What is a waves amplitude?

A

The maximum displacement of a point on a wave from its undisturbed position.

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9
Q

What is wavelength?

A

The distance from a point on a wave to the same position on the adjacent wave, most commonly peak to peak or trough to trough

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10
Q

What is the frequency of a wave?

A

The number of waves that pass in a given point each second

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11
Q

What is wave speed?

A

The speed at which energy is transferred through a medium

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12
Q

Wave speed formula and name correct units

A

Wave speed = frequency x wavelength
Speed (m/s), frequency (Hz), wavelength (m)

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13
Q

What is refraction?

A

The change in speed of a wave as it reaches a boundary between 2 media, changing the direction of the wave

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14
Q

What property of as wave isn’t changed by refraction?

A

Frequency

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15
Q

When entering a denser material, light waves…

A

Slow down and bend towards the normal

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16
Q

How do sound waves travel through a solid?

A

The particles in the solid vibrate and transfer kinetic energy through the material

17
Q

What are ultrasound waves and give uses?

A

Waves which have a higher frequency than the upper limit of human hearing. Eg medical or industrial imaging

18
Q

Order the types of electromagnetic radiation from lowest to highest frequency.

A

Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared
Visible light
Ultraviolet
X-rays
Gamma rays

19
Q

How do the speeds of EM radiation differ in a vacuum and in air?

A

EM waves all travel at the same speed in a vacuum and in air

20
Q

What health effects can ultraviolet waves cause?

A

They can cause skin to age prematurely and can increase the risk of developing skin cancer

21
Q

what is a time period?

A

Time taken to complete one whole wave

Physics (5 decks)

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