Weather & Climate

Question 1

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Answer 1

Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate is the average weather conditions over a long period.

Question 2

True or False: Climate can change over time.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the long-term average of weather patterns in a region.

Answer 3

climate

Question 4

What are the main components of weather?

Answer 4

Temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, and air pressure.

Question 5

What instrument is used to measure temperature?

Answer 5

Thermometer

Question 6

What do we call the amount of water vapor in the air?

Answer 6

Humidity

Question 7

What is precipitation?

Answer 7

Any form of water, liquid or solid, that falls from the atmosphere, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

Question 8

Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth?

Answer 8

Troposphere

Question 9

True or False: Wind is caused by differences in air pressure.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What are the three main types of clouds?

Answer 10

Cumulus, stratus, and cirrus.

Question 11

What is a weather front?

Answer 11

A boundary between two different air masses.

Question 12

What type of front is associated with stormy weather?

Answer 12

Cold front

Question 13

What is the term for a long-term change in temperature and weather patterns?

Answer 13

Climate change

Question 14

What does the term ‘microclimate’ refer to?

Answer 14

A small area with climate conditions that differ from the surrounding area.

Question 15

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 15

The process by which certain gases trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and __________.

Answer 16

nitrous oxide

Question 17

What is the primary cause of seasons on Earth?

Answer 17

The tilt of the Earth’s axis as it orbits the sun.

Question 18

True or False: The equator experiences the most variation in temperature throughout the year.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What is a drought?

Answer 19

A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall.

Question 20

What are the effects of climate change?

Answer 20

Rising sea levels, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and changes in ecosystems.

Question 21

What is the role of the ocean in climate regulation?

Answer 21

The ocean absorbs carbon dioxide and heat, influencing global temperatures and weather patterns.

Question 22

What is an anemometer used for?

Answer 22

To measure wind speed.

Question 23

What does the term ‘climate zone’ refer to?

Answer 23

A region of the Earth with distinct climate characteristics.

Question 24

Name the five major climate zones.

Answer 24

Tropical, arid, temperate, polar, and continental.

Question 25

What is the Coriolis effect?

Answer 25

The deflection of moving objects caused by the rotation of the Earth.

Question 26

True or False: Tornadoes can occur in any climate.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

What is El Niño?

Answer 27

A climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

Question 28

What is the primary source of energy for Earth's weather systems?

Answer 28

The sun

Question 29

What type of climate is characterized by high rainfall and warm temperatures year-round?

Answer 29

Tropical rainforest climate

Question 30

Fill in the blank: In a __________ climate, summers are hot and dry while winters are mild and wet.

Answer 30

Mediterranean

Question 31

What is the term for the point at which the temperature is low enough for water vapor to condense into liquid?

Answer 31

Dew point

Question 32

What is a blizzard?

Answer 32

A severe snowstorm with strong sustained winds and low visibility.

Question 33

True or False: Global warming refers specifically to the increase in Earth’s temperatures due to human activities.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What is a weather map?

Answer 34

A visual representation of weather conditions over a specific area, showing elements like temperature, precipitation, and pressure.

Question 35

What does 'high pressure' typically indicate about the weather?

Answer 35

Clear skies and calm weather.

Question 36

What is the main driver of ocean currents?

Answer 36

Wind and the Earth's rotation.

Question 37

What is the difference between a hurricane and a typhoon?

Answer 37

They are the same type of storm but are named differently depending on their location.

Question 38

What is the main consequence of deforestation on climate?

Answer 38

Increased carbon dioxide levels and loss of biodiversity.

Question 39

What is a rain shadow?

Answer 39

A region that receives less rainfall due to being sheltered by mountains.

Question 40

What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?

Answer 40

Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolving in ocean water.

Question 41

What type of climate is typically found at the poles?

Answer 41

Polar climate, characterized by very low temperatures.

Question 42

What does the term 'climatology' refer to?

Answer 42

The scientific study of climate.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The __________ scale is used to classify the intensity of tornadoes.

Answer 43

Enhanced Fujita

Question 44

What is the significance of the ozone layer?

Answer 44

It protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Question 45

What is the primary factor that influences regional climates?

Answer 45

Geographic location, including latitude, altitude, and proximity to bodies of water.