Weathering

Question 1

Name types of chemical weathering

Answer 1

Carbonation, oxidation,

Question 2

What rock is easily chemically weathered

Answer 2

Limestone

Question 3

What substance makes rainwater acidic

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide

Question 4

What is the key term for the wearing away and transportation of rocks

Answer 4

Erosion

Question 5

What is the key term for the movement of loose material down a slope by gravity

Answer 5

Mass wasting

Question 6

What is the key term for the breakdown and decay of rocks

Answer 6

Weathering

Question 7

What is the key term what describes, erosion, mass wasting and weathering

Answer 7

Denudation

Question 8

What is the difference between weathering and erosion

Answer 8

Erosion is the removing of sediments caused by rain of wind, and weathering is the break down of rocks from freeze thaw action or carbonation by acidic rain

Question 9

Is freeze thaw action a type of chemical weathering or is carbonation

Answer 9

Carbonation

Question 10

Does mechanical weathering involve the physical breakdown of rocks or does chemical weathering

Answer 10

Mechanical weathering

Question 11

Is an area effected by carbonation the giants causeway or the burren

Answer 11

The burren co Clare because this is where most limestone is

Question 12

How does chemical weathering happen

Answer 12

Chemical weathering happens when rock is broken down by chemical reactions

Question 13

When does carbonation occur

Answer 13

Carbonation occurs when carbon dioxide (Co2) mixes with rainwater to create carbonic acid, this carbonic acid weathers rock and dissolves the calcium carbonate

Question 14

What does the carbonic acid change

Answer 14

The carbonic acid changes calcium carbonate into soluble calcium BIcarbonate, this is a slow process but this is more effective in cold water which holds more Co2

Question 15

What does carbonic acid dissolve into

Answer 15

Carbonic acid dissolves calcium carbonate into calcium bicarbonate

Question 16

Exfoliation:
When does exfoliation occur

Answer 16

Exfoliation occurs when layers of rock peel off due to repeated heated and cooling causing expansion contraction and eventual cracking exfoliation occurs at areas where temperatures are extremely high during the daytime and temperatures are low at night

Question 17

When do rocks expand during exfoliation

Answer 17

As the sun shines during the day it causes the rock to expand which means the rock contracts during the night when it gets cooler

Question 18

What is another name for exfoliation

Answer 18

Onion skin weathering is another name for exfoliation

Question 19

Where does freeze thaw action occur

Answer 19

Freeze thaw action occurs in areas where temperatures change, like height altitudes and night latitudes, in the winter and in mountain ranges

Question 20

The water freezes at below ____ and melts above ____

Answer 20

0°C

Question 21

• Name an economic advantage in the Burren

Answer 21

Many direct and indirect jobs are created (hotels, cafes, eco tourism) with 800,000+ visitors in 2024

Question 22

Name an economic disadvantage in the Burren

Answer 22

Some jobs are seasonal running from April to September when mos tourists visit as the water is better.

Question 23

• Name a social advantage in the Burren

Answer 23

Out migration for locals reduced as spin off jobs are created in arts, crafts and wellness industries

Question 24

Name a social disadvantage in the Burren

Answer 24

House prices have increased as wealthy people buy holiday homes, making it too expensive for locals to buy, forcing them to move

Question 25

Name an environmental advantage in the Burren

Answer 25

Strict planning laws within the Geo Park, prevent over development and protect the natural beauty of the area

Question 26

- Name an environmental disadvantage in the Burren

Answer 26

Traffic jams from vehicles at peoples attractions like the cliffs of Moher with CO2 emissions lowering air quality.

Question 27

Name a way the Burren might deal with sustainable tourism

Answer 27

Visitor Management: limits are placed on visitor numbers in sensitive areas to prevent environmental damage

Question 28

What is Karst Landscape

Answer 28

-Karst landscape is an area of exposed limestone formed by glaciation. Its features are formed by carbonation

Question 29

Name the formation of one sub-surface landform in a karst landscape

Answer 29

- A stalactite is a calcite structure that hangs from a cave ceiling, this weathering processes called carbonation from Calcium carbonate- comprising up to 95% of limestone, it dissolves into soluble calcium bicarbonate in water this water seeps through limestone to the cave ceiling. As the water evaporates, calcite is left behind forming a stalactite. Stalactites can be seen in Doolin cave, the Burren Co.Clare.

Question 30

Name and describe the process of one type of mechanical weathering that you have studied

Answer 30

Freeze thaw action is common in cold and high altitude areas like the sugar loaf, Co.Wicklow, occurs when temperatures change above ad below freezing. water seeps into cracks, freezes below 0°C and expands by 9%, widening the cracks, until the rock breaks into fragments called scree

Question 31

Explain how limestone rock is weathered by the process of carbonation

Answer 31

- Carbonation happens when rainwater (H2O) mixes with carbon dioxide (CO2) to form carbonic acid. This acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in limestone, which contains up to 95% calcium carbonate, changing it into calcium bicarbonate, which is soluble in water. Over time this process causes the calcium carbonate in the limestone to dissolve, leading to weathering.

Question 32

What is biological weathering

Answer 32

Sometimes actions of plants, animals and people can add to the speed of chemical and mechanical weathering

Question 33

What is limestone pavement

Answer 33

A natural karst landform is made up of a flat, marked surface of open limestone that resembles artificial pavements

Question 34

Denudation meaning

Answer 34

Long term process of the wearing away of the earths surface leading to a lower elevation and relief of landforms and landscapes

Question 35

Write and explanation for a stalactite

Answer 35

A stalactite is a calcite structure that hangs from a cave ceiling.This happens when rainwater (H20)mixes with carbon dioxide (C02) forming carbonic acid, this acid reacts with calcium carbonate. The carbonic acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in limestone. The carbonic acid dissolves the calcium carbonate forming calcium bicarbonate which is soluble in water. The waterthen seeps through the limestone into a cave. The water evaporates on the cave ceiling depositing calcite

Question 36

Economic advantage

Answer 36

Many direct and indirect jobs are in the barre, from cafes, hotels and restaurants with over 800000 tourists visiting in 2024

Question 37

Environmental disadvantage

Answer 37

Traffic congestion from cars and busses in popular attractions (the cliffs of mother) is a big issue with many C02 emissions being released lowering air quality

Question 38

One way tourism is sustainable in the burren

Answer 38

Managing tourists- having a limit on tourist visits in sensitive areas