Weathering and Erosion

Question 1

Why are some beaches rocky?

Answer 1

Rocky beaches are made when pebbles and shingle are deposited on the coast. Shingle and pebbles are big and hard to wash back into the ocean, so they build up making short and steep beaches.

Question 2

What is the primary cause of coastal erosion?

Answer 2

Hydraulic and wave action.

Question 3

What are the three main types of coastal transport?

Answer 3

Suspension, saltation, solution, and traction.

Question 4

What is coastal retreat?

Answer 4

Coastal retreat is the landward movement of the shoreline due to erosion.

Question 5

What are the 4 main types of erosion?

Answer 5

Hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, and solution

Question 6

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process that removes sediments from one area and deposits them in another.

Answer 6

Erosion

Question 7

What is the primary force behind wave formation?

Answer 7

Wind

Question 8

Multiple Choice: Which type of weathering involves the dissolution of minerals?
A) Physical
B) Chemical
C) Biological
D) Thermal

Answer 8

B) Chemical

Question 9

What are the 2 main types of waves?

Answer 9

Constructive and Destructive

Question 10

What factors influence the rate of erosion?

Answer 10

Climate, vegetation, land use, and geology.

Question 11

What are the effects of climate change on coastal erosion?

Answer 11

Climate change can lead to rising sea levels and increased storm intensity, exacerbating coastal erosion.

Question 12

Why does deposition happen?

Answer 12

Deposition happens when constructive waves break on the shore. The sediment being carried by the sea is deposited on the shoreline.

Question 13

What role do ocean currents play in coastal processes?

Answer 13

Ocean currents can transport sediments and influence erosion and deposition patterns.

Question 14

What is a tombolo?

Answer 14

A tombolo is a sandbar that connects an island to the mainland.

Question 15

What is the role of vegetation in erosion control?

Answer 15

Vegetation helps to stabilize soil and reduce the impact of raindrops on the soil surface.

Question 16

What is the significance of coastal ecosystems?

Answer 16

Coastal ecosystems provide habitat, protect shorelines, and support biodiversity.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The process of __________ involves the breaking down of rocks into smaller particles.

Answer 17

Weathering

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which type of erosion involves the wearing away of rocks by ice? A) Glacial erosion
B) Hydraulic action
C) Abrasion
D) Attrition

Answer 18

A) Glacial erosion

Question 19

True or False: Coastal transport only occurs through water movement.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which process is primarily responsible for shaping coastal landforms? A) Erosion
B) Weathering
C) Deposition
D) All of the above

Answer 20

D) All of the above

Question 21

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of coastal transport? A) Suspension B) Saltation C) Erosion D) Traction

Answer 21

C) Erosion

Question 22

What is weathering?

Answer 22

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals through natural processes.

Question 23

What is the difference between constructive and destructive waves?

Answer 23

Constructive waves build up beaches, while destructive waves erode them.

Question 24

What determines the angle at which the swash moves up the beach?

Answer 24

Prevailing wind direction

Question 25

True or False: Sand dunes are formed by the accumulation of sand through wind transportation.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the role of sediment in coastal environments?

Answer 26

Sediment helps to build and maintain beaches and other coastal landforms.

Question 27

What is a headland?

Answer 27

A headland is a coastal landform that juts out into the sea, formed by erosion.

Question 28

Where will bays form?

Answer 28

Bays would form in places where the less resistant rock between bands of more resistant rock gets pushed by the water and gets eroded.

Question 29

What is a delta?

Answer 29

A delta is a landform created by the deposition of sediment at the mouth of a river.

Question 30

True or False: The angle of wave approach can affect the direction of sediment transport.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What are the two main types of weathering?

Answer 31

Physical weathering and chemical weathering.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: The process of __________ can lead to the formation of cliffs along coastlines.

Answer 32

Erosion

Question 33

What is wave refraction?

Answer 33

The bending of waves as they approach the shore at an angle.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: __________ is the movement of sediments from one location to another.

Answer 34

Transport

Question 35

Fill in the blank: __________ waves are characterized by a strong backwash.

Answer 35

Destructive

Question 36

What is a longshore drift and what does it do?

Answer 36

Longshore drift transports material along coastline, causing sediment to repeatedly move and get carried along a beach.

Question 37

What is a sea stack?

Answer 37

A sea stack is a vertical column of rock in the sea formed by erosion.

Question 38

Fill in the blank: __________ is the gradual wearing away of land by natural forces.

Answer 38

Erosion

Question 39

True or False: Wave formation is influenced by wind speed and duration.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What are the 3 main types of weathering?

Answer 40

Mechanical, Biological, and Chemical

Question 41

True or False: Tides do not affect coastal erosion.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

True or False: Deposition can occur in both terrestrial and aquatic environments.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

What are the main agents of erosion?

Answer 43

Water, wind, ice, and gravity.

Question 44

What is a barrier island?

Answer 44

A barrier island is a coastal landform that runs parallel to the mainland and protects it from wave action.

Question 45

Why are some beaches sandy?

Answer 45

Sandy beaches are created by sand being deposited on the shoreline, making them usually very long, wide, and flat because particles of sand are very small and easy to wash back into the ocean with the backwash.

Question 46

Destructive waves have a stronger __________ than ___________, meaning they drag more material away from the coastline than is deposited on the shore.

Answer 46

backwash, swash

Question 47

Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the gradual reduction of sediment supply to a coastal area.

Answer 47

Sediment starvation

Question 48

What does the term 'longshore drift' refer to?

Answer 48

The movement of sediments along the coastline due to wave action.

Question 49

What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering?

Answer 49

Mechanical weathering physically breaks rocks apart, while chemical weathering alters the chemical composition of minerals.

Question 50

What is erosion?

Answer 50

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by wind, water, or ice.

Question 51

Multiple Choice: Which of the following processes can lead to the formation of a beach? A) Erosion B) Deposition C) Weathering D) All of the above

Answer 51

D) All of the above

Question 52

What is deposition?

Answer 52

Deposition is the process by which sediments are laid down in new locations.

Question 53

What are the two types of waves that primarily shape coastlines?

Answer 53

Destructive waves and constructive waves.

Question 54

True or False: Human activities can accelerate coastal erosion.

Answer 54

True