Weathering, Erosion And Deposition

Question 0

Chemical weathering

Answer 0

• Changes the kind of material.
• reactions occur on the surface
• water is required
• hotter=faster
• fastest chemical weathering occurs in warm/moist climates

Question 1

Weathering

Answer 1

The breaking up of rock from large particles to smaller particles.

A.) this increases surface area of the rock which speeds the rate of chemical weathering

Question 2

Oxidation

Answer 2

When iron combines with oxygen to make rust.

Question 3

Hydration

Answer 3

Minerals in rocks combine with water.

Question 4

Carbonation

Answer 4

When rocks react with carbonic acid.

Question 5

Frost action

Answer 5

Water gets into cracks- freezes - expands - enlarges the crack. Requires alternating freeze-thaw cycles

Question 6

Wave action

Answer 6

Waves pounding against rocks- sand and rocks in the waves help to break up the shorline

Question 7

Stream abrasion

Answer 7

The rounding and smoothing of rocks as they tumble in a stream. The rocks downcut the steams V-shaped channel as they roll along

Question 8

Wind abrasion

Answer 8

Important in dry climates. The wind picks up sand and blows it against rocks causing pitting. (Sandblasted appearance)

Question 9

Root wedging

Answer 9

Plant roots grow into cracks In rock and split them

Question 10

Physical weathering

Answer 10

The breakdown of rock into smaller pieces without a chemical change.

Question 11

Erosion

Answer 11

Process where particles are transported as sediment.

Question 12

Agents of erosion.

Answer 12

Forces that are set in motion by gravity that causes sediments to move.

Question 13

Examples of Agents of Erosion

Answer 13

• streams
• waves
• glaciers
• wind
• mass movement

Question 14

Gravity

Answer 14

Direct role
•force behind most agents of erosion
•causes rivers to flow, ice to move, and rocks to slide.

Question 15

The sun

Answer 15

Indirect role
•drives the water cycle which produces rain and ice
•fuels winds and drives ocean currents

Question 16

Deposition

Answer 16

Process by which sediments are released from an erosional system

Question 17

Size of sediments

Answer 17

Larger sediments will settle faster

Question 18

Shape of sediments

Answer 18

Rounder sediments settle faster and flatter sediments will take longer

Question 19

Density of sediments

Answer 19

More sense sediment will settle faster

Question 20

Sorted sediment

Answer 20

Layers of sediment that are similar in size, shape or density.

Ex: deposition from a steam

Question 21

Unsorted sediment

Answer 21

Layers of sediment that are mixed in size, shape or density.

Ex: deposition from a glacier

Question 22

Abrasion

Answer 22

Occurs when rock particles grind against rock.

Question 23

Infiltration

Answer 23

The process which water goes into soil or rock

Question 24

Porosity

Answer 24

Amount of pour space in soil.

Question 25

Humus

Answer 25

Part of soil that serves as a source of plant nutrients

Question 26

Capillarity

Answer 26

Water stored in small openings from the zone of saturation

Question 27

Permeability

Answer 27

To allow Fluids to pass through soils

Question 28

Impermeable

Answer 28

Not allow fluids to pass through

Question 29

Glacial grooves

Answer 29

Long parallel scratches formed by sediment embedded in a glacier that has passed over the surface

Question 30

Kettle lake

Answer 30

Depression left in the ground that is filled with glacial melt water

Question 31

Outwash plain

Answer 31

Broad glacial feature of smaller sediment carried from melting water of a retreating glacier l

Question 32

Deflation

Answer 32

Wind blows away loose sediment lowering the land surface until there is no more lose sediment to erode

Question 33

Horizontal sorting

Answer 33

When the velocity of wind or water decreases the size roundness and density decrease as u move farther out

Question 34

Vertical sorting

Answer 34

Larger or more dense sediments settle to the bottom. Followed by decreasing size and density

Question 35

Continental glacier

Answer 35

Huge sheets of ice that cover entire land masses

Question 36

Valley glacier

Answer 36

Glaciers that form in high elevations in mountain valleys

Question 37

U-shaped valleys

Answer 37

Shape of the valley walls from glacial erosion

Question 38

Erratics

Answer 38

Large deposited fragments that can be transported hundreds of miles inside or on top of the glacier

Question 39

Drumlins

Answer 39

Streamlined oval shaped mounds of Unsorted sediment

Question 40

Eskers

Answer 40

A long winding ridge of Sand and gravel

Question 41

Terminal moraines

Answer 41

A mound of till deposited along the leading edge of a glacier

Question 42

Windward side has what kind of slope?

Answer 42

Gentle slope

Question 43

Leeward side has what kind of slope?

Answer 43

Steep slope

Question 44

Long shore current

Answer 44

Ocean current that flows parallel and close to the shore

Question 45

Mass movement

Answer 45

The pulling of rock and sediment downhill by the force of gravity