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Geology > Weathering, Erosion And Transport > Flashcards

Weathering, Erosion And Transport Flashcards

0
Q

Three categories if weathering?

A

Chemical
Biological
Physical

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1
Q

Define weathering

A

In situ breakdown of rocks and minerals exposed at the earths surface

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2
Q

When do rocks decompose?

A

When the chemical structure f their minerals breaks down

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3
Q

Explain chemical weathering

A

Always involves water which produces ions that are removed in a solution leaving an insoluble residue. Usually clay minerals

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4
Q

What are the 2 main types of chemical weathering?

A

Carbonation

Hydrolysis

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5
Q

What 2 things produce carbonic acid?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

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6
Q

What’s carbonation?

A

Reaction between carbonic acid and minerals and is most important in the weathering of limestone

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7
Q

What’s hydrolysis?

A

Reaction between water and silicate minerals, commonly feldspars.
Hydrogen ions from water reacts with the mineral to produce residual clay minerals and removing Na, Ca, and K ions in a solution

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of mechanical weathering?

A

Exfoliation
Freeze thaw / frost shattering
Pressure release

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9
Q

How much does water expand by when it freezes?

A

9%

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10
Q

What are the 2 types of biological weathering?

A

Root action,

Burrowing

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11
Q

Define erosion

A

The wearing away of the land surface and removal of sediment by means of transport

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of Erosion?

A

Abrasion

Attrition

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13
Q

What is abrasion?

A

The wearing away of the earths surface by the action of the wind, water or ice dragging sediment over or hurling it at a surface

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14
Q

What is attrition?

A

The wearing down of sediment grains due to collisions with other grains in transport

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15
Q

5 types of transport?

A 
Rivers 
Glaciers
Wind
Sea
Gravity
16
Q

What is suspension transportation?

A

Transport of material by water or wind, without it touching the earths surface

17
Q

Define Solution transportation

A

Transport of ions dissolved in water

18
Q

Define traction

A

Transport of a material by rolling or sliding along a surface

19
Q

Define saltation

A

Transport of a material by bounding

Geology (4 decks)

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