Week 07 Flashcards
(36 cards)
Explain 2 types of Information systems?
Operations Support Systems: productivity
– Transaction Processing Systems
– Process Control Systems
– Enterprise Collaboration Systems
- Management Support Systems: better decisions
– Management Information Systems
– Decision Support Systems
– Executive Support Systems
What is Database management?
Databases are central to information management
– Store data once only
– Protect the integrity of that data
– Make the data available to those who need it in the
form in which they need it
- Information has to move between different units
– This should be transmitted so that duplicate data
does not arise
– Hence interlinked systems which form a distributed
database.
Explain enterprise systems
Enterprise systems (ES) supports enterprise-wide or cross-functional requirements, rather than a single department or group within the company
Explain MRP & ERP
Material requirements planning (MRP) integrates production, purchasing, and inventory management of related products.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) further
integrates transaction processing and other
routine activities in the entire enterprise.
Integration continues along several paths
– Functional areas
– Combining transaction processing and decision support
– Business intelligence
What does MRP stand for
Manufacturing resource planning
What does CRM stand for
Customer relationship management
Whar does FRM stand for
Finance resources management
Explain MRP
Material requirements planning (MRP) integrates production, purchasing, and inventory management of related products
Explain ERP enterprise system
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) further integrates transaction processing and other routine activities in the entire enterprise
Explain modern idea of CRM
CRM provides information from customer transactions
– Capture and integrate customer data from all over the organisation.
– Consolidate and analyse customer data.
– Distribute customer information to systems and customer touch points across enterprise.
– Provide single enterprise view of customers - formed from analysis
What are the aims in supply chain collaboration and information sharing?
– optimal inventory Levels
– optimal shipping plans
– successful management of just-in-time approaches
What is the B2B supply chain?
Network of organisations and processes for:
– Procuring raw materials
– Transforming them into products
– Distributing the products
What does upstream supply chain and downstream supply chain refer to?
Upstream supply chain:
– Firm’s suppliers, suppliers’ suppliers, processes for managing relationships with them
Downstream supply chain:
– Organisations and processes responsible for delivering products to customers
What do supply chain execution systems do
Manage flow of products through distribution centers and warehouses
What do supply chain planning systems do?
– Model existing supply chain.
– Demand planning.
– Optimise sourcing, manufacturing plans.
– Establish inventory levels.
– Identify transportation modes.
Explain EDI in terms of supply chain
Electronic data interchange is the exchange of structured business data electronically.
IN supply chain includes: Purchase orders, invoices, shipping notices
Explain UN/EDIFACT
The United Nations rules for Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport: comprise a set of internationally agreed standards, directories, and guidelines for the electronic interchange of structured data, between independent computerized information systems.
What other technologies and IT are used in supply chain and for what purpose
Use IOT sensors,
RFID
Mobiles devices
Expert systems and AI to monitor things
Apart from reducing investory cost also need IT to monitor perishable goods, ensure security and audit trail
What are the tangible benefits of E-supply chains
– Reduced costs
– Customer responsiveness
– Standardisation
– Globalisation
– Reduction in duplication of entries
– controls and reconciliation are enhanced
– rapid assimilation of data into the organisation
What are the intangible benefits of E-supply chains
– better information ➔ better management
– Information visibility
– New/improved processes
– Customer responsiveness
– Flexibility
– Reduced risk
– More data means More feedback to customers
What is XML?
XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language · XML is a markup language much like HTML, but a bit cleverer · XML was designed to store and transport data and exchange information. A browser knows (from a Stylesheet) how to
display it and Other programs can process it too. It’s all about tagging
Explain XBRL
XBRL Xtensible Business Reporting Language -
Freely licensed standard, originated in
accountancy profession
* It is XML – and cleverer still, as well as tagging
data items
What did the SOA adopt as an extension of XML for datasets?
XTbML - original standard was generalized and improved so that it would apply across a range of actuarial tabular data needs.
Explain blockchain
Blockchain is a transaction database that uses encryption to ensure the validity of transactions among the parties in the system. It is a distributed ledger in a peer to peer distributed database so there is no central authority.
Transparency - transactions visible to all
Encryption used to authenticate participants and
transactions
ex: used by bitcoin
