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Phonetics > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the english vowels?

A

A, E, I, O, U

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2
Q

What is a many to one relationship?

A

Many different letters for the same sound (do, loop, two, through)

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3
Q

What is a one to many relationship?

A

Same letter can represent many sounds (game, dad, father, call, sofa)

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4
Q

What is the correspondence between symbols (letters) and sounds?

A

NOT one-to-one

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5
Q

When can two letters equal one sound?

A

Choose, tough, through, deal, phone

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6
Q

When can one letter make two sounds?

A

Exit, axe

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7
Q

When can one letter make no sound?

A

soften, comb, make, pneumonia, gnat

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8
Q

Internal Phonetic Association

A
  • Founded in France in 1886 by a group of Language Teachers

- Developed the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

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9
Q

What is the International Phonetic Alphabet?

A
  • Maps one sound to one symbol and vice versa
  • Can represent all of the speech sounds of languages of the world and possible sounds in disordered speech
  • Allows any practiced reader to produce native-sounding speech in any language
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10
Q

How are the IPA Charts organized?

A

-The IPA charts (consonant and vowel) are organized based on how we make/produce/articulate sounds with our mouthes.

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11
Q

What 3 systems contribute to the production of speech?

A
  1. Respiratory System
  2. Phonatory System (Laryngeal System)
    - Larynx, Glottis, Vocal Folds
  3. Articulatory System (Supra-laryngeal System)
    - Vocal tract, Articulators, and Supralaryngeal Area
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12
Q

What is the Larynx?

A

Houses the vocal folds

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13
Q

What are Vocal Folds?

A

Elastic folds of tissue

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14
Q

What is the Glottis?

A

Space between the vocal folds

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15
Q

Vocal folds can be ___________ or ___________

A

Abducted or adducted

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16
Q

When vocal folds vibrate it is called?

A

Phonation or Voicing

17
Q

What is the rate of vocal fold vibration?

A

Fundamental frequency (F0)

18
Q

Fundamental Frequency

A

The rate changes as we speak due to lexical stress and intonation.

19
Q

What are the 3 cavities of the Spuralaryngral Vocal Tract?

A
  1. Pharynx
  2. Oral Cavity
  3. Nasal Cavity
20
Q

What does articulation mean?

A

“joining together”

21
Q

Do passive articulators move or stay still?

A

Stay still, do not move

22
Q

Where do active articulators move to?

A

Move towards passive articulators

23
Q

Why do sounds differ?

A

Depends on which articulators are brought together and how closely they approximate to each other

24
Q

What are lingual sounds?

A

Sounds made with the tongue

25
Q

Where is bilabial articulation?

A

Upper and lower lip

26
Q

Where is labiodental articulation?

A

Lower lip and upper teeth

27
Q

Where is dental/interdental articulation?

A

Tongue tip and upper front teeth

28
Q

Where is alveolar articulation?

A

Tongue tip or blade and alveolar ridge

29
Q

Where is postalveolar articulation?

A

Tongue blade and behind alveolar ridge/ frontal palatal region

30
Q

Where is palatal articulation?

A

Tongue front/center and hard palate

31
Q

Where is velar articulation?

A

Back of tongue and Velum

32
Q

Where is glottal articulation?

A

Vocal folds

33
Q

What is Nasals (or nasal stops)?

A

Complete closure of the articulators in the oral cavity, but the nasal cavity is open, allowing air to escape through the nose.

34
Q

Where can the soft palate/velum move?

A

Can be moved up or down

35
Q

When the soft palate/velum is moved up what happens?

A

Air is blocked from entering the nasal cavity

36
Q

When the soft palate/velum is moved down what happens?

A

Air may pass through the nasal cavity.

37
Q

What happens in nasal stops?

A

Air passes through the nose but does not pass through the mouth

38
Q

What’s a speaking style that does not use vocal fold vibration?

A

Whispering

Phonetics (2 decks)

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