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Forensic Linguistics > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Are we surrounded by the law?

A

Yes

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2
Q

In what ways are we surrounded by the law?

A

Travel: car/public transport/walking
Home: bought/rented

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3
Q

What does law change in response to?

A
  • pressures from society

- changing of social norms

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4
Q

How is law encoded? Give examples

A

language

e.g legal docs/policies

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5
Q

How is law enacted? Give examples

A

language

e.g court proceedings/policies

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6
Q

What does forensic mean?

A

of or used in connection with the courts of law

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7
Q

What does forensic linguistics mean?

A

application of linguistic knowledge to legal problems

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8
Q

What is forensic linguistics about?

A

theoretical and applied research in/on/for providing:

  • expert testimony
  • courtrooms
  • the wider legal system
  • sites around the legal system e.g legal advice
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9
Q

What governs a call handler’s speech?

A

Script and CAD

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10
Q

What type of activity are emergency calls?

A

Task-oriented

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11
Q

What should call handler do in regards to controlling the interaction?

A

Try to maintain control

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12
Q

What is often the caller’s disposition?

A

upset/ in danger

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13
Q

What is the call handler doing whilst handling the convo?

A

communicating through a CAD system?

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14
Q

What is a CAD system?

A

computer aided dispatch

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15
Q

What should the call taker’s state remain?

A

Calm

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16
Q

What do emergency calls tend to be labelled after?

A

the emergency number

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17
Q

Match the number to the place:

  • 999
  • 911
  • 111
  • Triple Zero [000]
  • Chiamate at 113
A
  • UK/Ireland/Poland/Signapore/Malaysia/UAE + others
  • US, Canada, Mexico
  • NZ
  • Australia
  • Italy
18
Q

Is it easy to access emergency systems? Pos and neg

A

Slightly problematic

Pos-the EU 112 now used on mobiles across world
Neg-too many numbers

19
Q

How is the genre labelled?

A

Emergency calls to the police

20
Q

What’s the purpose of the calls?

A

-To request and dispatch police assistance in an emergency situation

21
Q

Give some examples of Non-emergency calls to the police

A

301-US

101-UK

22
Q

Why are Non-emergency calls to the police good and not so good?

A

Good-relieve attempt of calls to 999
-for advice/info/action on problems
Bad-not worked

23
Q

What are 999 calls important?

A

Central to police work and essential starting point in the legal process

24
Q

How many participants are there in these calls?

A

3-Caller/Police Call handler/dispatcher

25
Q

What are the implications if the caller is:

  • potential victim
  • bystander
  • perpetrator
  • irresponsible
  • Hoax Caller
A
  • distress/hysteria
  • lacks knowledge
  • decpetion
  • time wasting
  • false despatch of limited police resources
26
Q

What skills does a CT need?

A
  • multitask quickly
  • type quickly
  • rapid rational decisions
  • manage caller’s emotions
27
Q

What 4 things do CT need to do?

A
  1. Answer call and lease with caller
  2. Determine circumstances of call
  3. Decide urgency of response
  4. initiates or implements call response
28
Q

What type of person is the dispatcher and what does the dispatcher do?

A
  • indirect participant

- takes instructions from CT and finds/communciates with local police

29
Q

What is the structure of an emergency call?

A
  1. Opening
  2. Request
  3. Interrogative series
  4. Dispatch response
  5. Closing
30
Q

How do CAs view institutional calls?

A

As based on ordinary calls but with different sequences because of institutional gender

31
Q

Who were the early researchers of call openings? What were they concerned with?

A

CAs, concerned with comparing emergency calls with phone calls

32
Q

What method and data did Wakin and Zimmerman use?

A
  • colllected 999 calls form W County of Pacific coast

- ethnogrpahic observations for a year

33
Q

What did Wakin and Zimmerman look at? What was their aim?

A
  • call openings

- to describe local features of call—>reveal institutional agenda

34
Q

What did they find and why did they think this?

A
  • emergency calls become distinct through deletion, pre-emption, repositioning of components of canonical opening sequences of calls
  • because participants orient to particular tasks and to the social arrangements that make them possible
35
Q

What problem do police have?

A

Hoax callers and irresponsible callers

36
Q

What could have a sig effect on call success?

A

intervening in form/structure of call

37
Q

What percentage of callers are not emergencies?

A

50% + (irresponsible callers)

38
Q

What is one important function of call-takers?

A

gate-keeping

39
Q

In some research, what did South Wales Police change?

A

-opening greeting

from answer/identification—> identification+initiate interrogative sequence

40
Q

What were the results of the SWP research?

A
  • reduction of calls by 10%
  • reduction in CT stress
  • possible reduction in duration of call

Forensic Linguistics (1 decks)

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