Week 1

Question 1

What is forensic science?

Answer 1

the application of science to criminal and civil laws.

Question 2

What is the Locard Exchange Principle

Answer 2

when a person comes into contact with an object or another person a cross-transfer of materials occurs

Question 3

What are the 5 crime lab units?

Answer 3

Physical Science Unit
Biology Unit
Firearms Unit
Document Examination Unit
Photography Unit

Question 4

What is the Physical Science Unit?

Answer 4

Uses principles of chemistry, physics, and geology to identify and compare physical evidence

Question 5

What type of evidence does the physical science unit analyze?

Answer 5

drugs, glass, paint, explosives, and soil

Question 6

What is the Biology Unit?

Answer 6

Uses knowledge of biological services in order to investigate biological fluids or touch samples or DNA

Question 7

What type of evidence does the biology unit analyze?

Answer 7

blood, hair and fiber sample

Question 8

What is the Firearms Unit?

Answer 8

Investigates discharged bullets, cartridge cases, shotgun shells, ammunition and includes tool mark comparisons

Question 9

What is the Document Examination Unit?

Answer 9

Provides the skills needed for handwriting analysis and other questioned-document issues

Question 10

What is the Photography Unit?

Answer 10

Applies specialized photographic techniques for recording and examining physical evidence.

Question 11

Who is the father of forensic toxicology?

Answer 11

Matthew Orfila

Question 12

Who Devised the first scientific system of personal identification in 1879?

Answer 12

Alphonse Bertillion

Question 13

Who wrote the first treatise describing the application of scientific principles to the field of criminal investigation?

Answer 13

Hans Gross

Question 14

Who Incorporated Gross principles within a workable crime laboratory?

Answer 14

Edmond Locard

Question 15

What are the Functions of a Forensic Scientist?

Answer 15

applying the principles and techniques of the physical and natural sciences to analyze the many types of evidence that may be recovered during a criminal investigation
provide expert court testimony

Question 16

What are Special Forensic Science Services?

Answer 16

They’re available to the law enforcement community to augment the services of the crime laboratory.

Question 17

Define Forensic Psychiatry

Answer 17

the relationship between human behavior and legal proceedings is examined.

Question 18

Define Forensic Odontology

Answer 18

involves teeth to provide information about the identification of victims when a body is left in an unrecognizable state; also investigates bite marks, though this has become a controversial method of analysis

Question 19

Define Forensic Engineering

Answer 19

involves failure analysis, accident reconstruction, and causes and origins of fires or explosions.

Question 20

Define Forensic Computer and Digital Analysis

Answer 20

involves the identification, collection, preservation, and examination of digital evidence.

Question 21

What is The Frye Standard?

Answer 21

The Fyre V. The United States decision set guidelines for determining the admissibility of scientific evidence into the courtroom. ( Saying that evidence must be “generally accepted” by the scientific community)

Question 22

What are exceptions to the Frye Standard?

Answer 22

1993 Daubert V. Merrell Dow Pharmaceutical Inc

Question 23

What is The Daubert Criteria

Answer 23

Supreme Court offered guidelines on how judges can gauge the reliability of scientific evidence

Question 24

What does physical evidence include

Answer 24

any and all objects that can establish that a crime has been committed or can link crime and victim or victim and perpetrator.

Question 25

Where does Forensic science begin and what must investigators do?

Answer 25

at the crime scene, where investigators must recognize and properly preserve evidence for laboratory examination

Question 26

What does the first officer that arrives at the crime scene have to do?

Answer 26

secure it

Question 27

How do Investigators record the crime scene?

Answer 27

photographs, sketches, and notes, and make a preliminary examination of the scene as it was left by the perpetrator

Question 28

What does the search pattern selected at a crime scene depend on?

Answer 28

the size and location of the scene and the number of collectors participating in the search.

Question 29

Why it is important to collect possible carriers of trace evidence?

Answer 29

Many items of evidence may be detected only through examination at the crime laboratory

Question 30

Where does Each item of physical evidence collected at a crime scene go and why?

Answer 30

a separate appropriate container to prevent damage through contact or cross-contamination.

Question 31

What is the chain of custody?

Answer 31

a record for denoting the location of the evidence

Question 32

What is the purpose of collecting Proper standard/reference samples at the crime scene

Answer 32

comparison purposes in the laboratory

Question 33

What is proper standard/reference samples

Answer 33

hairs, blood, and fibers

Question 34

How must the removal of any evidence from a person or from the scene of a crime must be done?

Answer 34

in accordance with appropriate search and seizure protocols