Week 1

Question 1

circulatory system components

Answer 1

heart
blood vessels or vascular system
blood

Question 2

blood is composed of formed elements:

Answer 2

plasma
erythrocytes
leukocytes
platelets

Question 3

hematocrit

Answer 3

percentage of blood volume that is erythrocytes

Question 4

erythrocytes function

Answer 4

gas transport

Question 5

RBC have a ___ ___to ___ ratio for improved diffusion in and out of cells

Answer 5

high surface area to volume ratio

Question 6

platelets serve a major role in

Answer 6

blood clotting

Question 7

arteries carry ____ blood

Answer 7

oxygenated

Question 8

veins carry ____ blood

Answer 8

deoxygenated

Question 9

PULMONARY arteries carry _____ blood to the ______

Answer 9

deoxygenated
lungs

Question 10

PULMONARY veins carry _____ blood to the _____

Answer 10

oxygenated
heart

Question 11

pressure

Answer 11

force exerted by the blood
blood moves high to low
measured in mmHg

Question 12

flow

Answer 12

volume of blood moved per unit time
milliliters/minute

Question 12

resistance

Answer 12

how difficult it is for blood to flow between 2 points
measure of friction

Question 13

factors that determine resistance

Answer 13

blood viscosity
total blood vessel length
blood vessel radius

Question 14

epicardium

Answer 14

the most superficial layer
a fibrous layer that is closely fixed to the heart

Question 15

myocardium

Answer 15

the middle, thickest, layer of the heart
composed of cardiac muscle
forms the majority of the walls in the heart

Question 16

endocardium

Answer 16

the inner layer of the heart
continuous with the lining of the blood vessels entering and leaving the heart

Question 17

right atrium receives _____ from _____

Answer 17

deoxygenated blood
systemic and coronary circulations

Question 18

left atrium receives _____ from _____

Answer 18

oxygenated
pulmonary circulation

Question 19

right ventricle pumps _____ to _____

Answer 19

deoxygenated
lungs

Question 20

left ventricle pumps _____ to _____

Answer 20

oxygenated
the rest of the body

Question 21

right side of the heart

Answer 21

pulmonary circuit– to the lungs

Question 22

left side of the heart

Answer 22

systemic circuit– to the body

Question 23

right atrium pumps blood through ____ valve during ____

Answer 23

tricuspid
diastole

Question 24

structures of right atrium

Answer 24

fossa ovalis right auricle pectinate muscle

Question 25

right ventricle pumps blood through ____ valve during ____

Answer 25

pulmonary valve systole

Question 26

structures of right ventricle

Answer 26

trabecular carne papillary muscles chordae tendinae

Question 27

left atrium pumps blood through ____ valve during ____

Answer 27

bicuspid diastole

Question 28

structures of the left atrium

Answer 28

left auricle pectinate muscle

Question 29

left ventricle pumps blood through ____ valve during ____

Answer 29

aortic systole

Question 30

structures of left ventricle

Answer 30

trabeculae carneae papillary muscle chordae tendineae

Question 31

S1-- lub=

Answer 31

closure of AV valve

Question 32

S2-- dub=

Answer 32

closure of semilunar valve (pulmonary and aortic valves)

Question 33

blood flow is maximal during ____ and minimal during ____

Answer 33

diastole systole

Question 34

coronary sinus

Answer 34

collects blood from the cardiac veins and returns to right atrium

Question 35

parasympathetic innervation

Answer 35

VAGUS NERVE decreases HR

Question 36

sympathetic innervation

Answer 36

CARDIAC SPLANCHNIC NERVES increases HR

Question 37

3 branches from the aortic arch

Answer 37

B-- brachiocephalic trunk which divides to R common carotid and R subclavian C-- left common carotid S-- left subclavian artery

Question 38

conducting system of the heart-- sequence

Answer 38

SA node AV node bundle of His

Question 39

SA node under goes a slow, gradual depolarization called ____

Answer 39

pacemaker potential

Question 40

period of ventricular contraction and blood ejection

Answer 40

systole

Question 41

period of ventricular relaxation and blood filling

Answer 41

diastole

Question 42

isovolumetric ventricular contraction

Answer 42

ventricles contracting but no blood movement because valves are closed tension develops

Question 43

ventricular ejection

Answer 43

pressure gradient had been bet so valves open

Question 44

the volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during systole

Answer 44

stroke volume

Question 45

isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

Answer 45

aortic and pulmonary valves close so no blood enters/leaves the ventricles volume is not changing

Question 46

ventricular filling

Answer 46

AV valves are open and blood flows into ventricles atria contract at end of diastole

Question 47

volume of blood pumped out of each ventricle per unit time

Answer 47

cardiac output

Question 48

parasympathetic neuron stimulation cause HR to

Answer 48

decrease

Question 49

sympathetic neuron stimulation causes HR to

Answer 49

increase

Question 50

is sympathetic nerve stimulation fast or slow

Answer 50

fast

Question 51

is parasympathetic nerve stimulation fast or slow

Answer 51

slow