Week 1 Flashcards
Reviewing the Medical Record (25 cards)
RBC? symptoms of low rbc count
Indicator of oxygen carrying capacity
Low RBC= anemic. Will make you feel weaker, tired, poor exercise tolerance
Hemoglobin?
Iron-rich protein that carries oxygen. Low levels seen with anemia.
Hematocrit?
Percentage of RBCs in blood
Low = decreased exercise tolerance
WBC?
elevated when fighting infection, leukemia
when they are low your more susceptible to disease
What do platelets do?
assist with clotting
to high of a number of platelets wil cause blood clots easily, too low will produce not too little which will cause soemone to keep bleeding and bleeding.
Prothrombin Time (PT)
Prothrombin Time (PT): measures how long it takes for the blood to clot.
PT-INR
PT-INR: Calculation derived from prothrombin time called the International Normalized Ratio. INR is regularly checked on patients who take blood thinners.
High INR = increased the risk of bleeding; blood takes too long to clot
Low INR = increased risk of blood clots
Opiods purpose, examples, and side effects
Used for severe pain; often post-surgically
Examples: Oxycodone, Percoset, Dilotid, Fentanyl, Morphine, Codeine)
Side Effects: Sedation, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, constipation, addiction
non opiods purpose, examples, and side effects
Acetominophen (Tylenol)
NSAIDS (Aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen, celecoxib)
Side Effects: Liver, kidney damage, stomach pain, ulcers, headaches, dizziness, increased bleeding (aspirin).
Whats used to lower blood volume in the body?
Diuretics (high blood pressure med)
ex: lasix, bumex, lozol
Whats used Used to lower blood pressure by reducing heart rate, blood volume and force of pumping.
Beta-Blockers (high blood pressure med)
ex: Atenolol, Nadolol, Propranolol
What do Ace inhibitors do?
Prevent blood vessels from narrowing by inhibiting angiotensin, a hormone in the body that causes constriction of the blood vessels.
Examples: Benazepril, Lisinopril
Side effects of high BP meds
dizzines, lightheadiness, cough, diareheea, fatigue, anxiety, headache, nauseous
NSAIDS
what are they used for, examples, side effects
Used to treat pain, fever and inflammation
Examples include aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen sodium, diclofenac, celocoxib
Side effects: stomach issues (ulcers and indigestion), headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, kidney and liver problems (rare
Corticosteroids
used for, examples, side effects.
Stronger anti-inflammatory meds than NSAIDs
Commonly used for arthritis, lupus, cancer, and other inflammatory conditions
Examples: Prednisone, cortisone, triamcinolone, dexamethasone
Side effects: agitation, insomnia, osteoporosis, weight gain and swelling (moon face), HBP, insomnia, slow wound healing, glaucoma and cataracts, facial hair growth, AVN.
What do high cholestrol meds do? (statins)
Reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke by improving cholesterol levels.
Side Effects: Headache, muscle weakness, difficulty sleeping, dizziness, nausea, constipation, diarrhea
What are the two types of blood thinners?
Anti-coagulants= Purpose is to reduce coagulation of blood and reduce clotting.
Examples: Eliquis, Heparin, Warfarin (Coumadin)
anti platelets= Purpose is to keep platelets from sticking to each other and to walls of blood vessels.
Often prescribed to decrease risk of future blood clots. Not as strong as anti-coagulants
Examples: Aspirin, Plavix
side effects= excessive bleeding, skin brusing, dizzines, weaknes
Name the 5 elements of patient/client management
by the end of a chart review what should a PT know?
current condition, comorbities, precuations, medications, why the patient needs PT, date/reason, home/living status, overall tolerance to activity
What does ICF stress unlike nogi model?
stresses health and functioning rather than disability
What are the 4 components to the nagi model? give examples of each
pathology ex= sprain, stroke, fracture
Impairment ex= decreased ROM, strength, endurance, balance . seondary impairments of a stroke ex(atropy, weakness, depression, pneuomonia
Functional imitations=
Contexual factors of ICF
Environmental Factors – Physical, social, and attitudinal environment in which people live
Personal Factors—include race, gender, age, educational level, coping styles, attitudes, etc.
ICF definitons of the Health conditions
Body Functions: physiologic functions of body systems
Body Structures: anatomical parts of the body
Activity: execution of a task or action
Participation: involvement in life affairs
