WEEK 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
anything that takes up space and can be weighed. In other words, matter has volume and mass.
Matter
They are held firmly in place but can vibrate within a limited area.
Solid
assume the shape of their containers.
Liquid
They are so far apart that the attractive forces between them are insignificant.
Gas
The mixture of electrons and nuclei that results is the plasma state of matter.
Plasma
explains how particles (atoms or molecules) move in different states of matter.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
forces that hold atoms together within a molecule.
Intramolecular Forces of Attraction
forces that exist between molecules.
Intermolecular Forces of Attraction
formed by the complete transfer of valence electron (s) between atoms.
Ionic Bond
This bond is formed between atoms that have similar electronegativities
Covalent Bond
formed between same atoms or atoms with very similar electronegativities
Non-polar covalent bond
formed when atoms of slightly different electronegativities share electrons.
Polar covalent bond
attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.
Dipole- dipole forces
weakest of the intermolecular forces and exist between all types of molecules, whether ionic or covalent – polar or nonpolar. The more electrons a molecule has, the stronger the _____________ are.
London dispersion forces
Properties of water
- WATER AS A SOLVENT
- COHESION AND ADHESION
- DENSITY
- SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY
- HEAT OF VAPORATION
Universal solvent
Water
Water molecules are also attracted to other polar molecules and to ions.
Water a solvent
attraction of molecules for other molecules of the same kind, and water molecules have strong cohesive forces thanks to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with one another.
Cohesion
attraction of molecules for other molecules of a different kind
Adhesion
It also takes an unusual amount of heat to vaporize a given amount of water, because hydrogen bonds must be broken in order for the molecules to fly off as gas.
Heat of evaporation
this is a special kind of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs specifically between a hydrogen atom bonded to either an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine atom.
Hydrogen bonding
