Week 1 Flashcards
(35 cards)
In the pulmonary circulation, the _____ carry blood to the lungs.
SELECTone:
a. carotid sinuses
b. pulmonary arteries
c. coronary arteries
d. superior and inferior vena cavae
e. aorta
b. pulmonary arteries
Arteriosclerosis is characterized by
Select one:
a. a thickening of the tunica adventitia.
b. increased elasticity of the tunica media.
c. decreased resistance to blood flow.
d. an enlargement of the lumen of the vessel.
e. thickening of the tunica intima and loss of elasticity in the tunica media.
e. thickening of the tunica intima and loss of elasticity in the tunica media.
CONTINUOUScapillaries
SELECTone:
a. have many thin areas called fenestrae.
b. are freely permeable to large molecules such as hormones.
c. have a wall where the endothelial cells fit very tightly together.
d. are more permeable then fenestrated capillaries but not as permeable as sinusoidal capillaries.
e. are characterized by continuous pores.
c. have a wall where the endothelial cells fit very tightly together.
The structure of a capillary wall differs from that of a vein or artery because
Select one:
a. the capillary wall has only two tunics.
b. capillaries have more smooth muscle.
c. capillary walls have only endothelium and a basement membrane.
d. capillaries can constrict or dilate.
e. capillaries are impermeable to all substances.
c. capillary walls have only endothelium and a basement membrane
One of the best ways to determine the adequacy of peripheral circulation is to CHECK the pedal pulses. To check the pedal pulse you would check the pulse in the
Select one:
a. ankle.
b. wrist.
c. groin.
d. neck.
e. foot.
e. Foot
Which coat of an artery contains endothelium?
SELECTone:
a. tunica intima
b. tunica media
c. tunica adventitia
d. tunica elastica
e. tunica intermedia
a. Tunica Intima
In the aorta,
Select one:
a. the blood pressure and blood velocity are both high.
b. the velocity of blood flow is high, but blood pressure is low.
c. the resistance to blood flow is high, but velocity of blood flow is low.
d. the resistance to blood flow and the blood pressure are both low.
e. velocity is diminished because the total cross-sectional area is small.
a. the blood pressure and blood velocity are both high.
The velocity of blood flow inside a blood vessel
Select one:
a. is equal to the blood pressure.
b. is faster in the center of the blood vessel.
c. is most rapid at a bend or turn in the vessel.
d. increases along the walls of the blood vessel.
e. is more rapid along the sides of the vessel.
b. is faster in the center of the blood vessel.
Arteriosclerosis RESULTS in decreased compliance, which in turn causes the pulse pressure to
SELECTone:
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. increase, then decrease.
d. decrease, then increase.
e. remain the same.
a. increase.
The SYSTEMIC circulation
Select one:
a. carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
b. includes all arteries but the veins are part of the pulmonary circulation pathway.
c. includes the aorta and all of its branches.
d. ends in capillaries of the toes.
e. includes blood flow to the body but not the brain.
c. includes the aorta and all of its branches.
What is the order of the blood vessels that a red blood cell would pass through as the blood leaves the heart, TRAVELS to a tissue, and then returns to the heart?
Select one:
a. arteriole, artery, capillary, vein, venule
b. capillary, arteriole, artery, vein, venule
c. artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein
d. vein, capillary, artery, arteriole, venule
e. artery, venule, capillary, arteriole, vein
c. artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein
Valves similar to semilunar valves are found in some
Select one:
a. arteries.
b. arterioles.
c. capillaries.
d. venules.
e. veins.
e. veins
As viscosity of the blood increases,
SELECTone:
a. the pressure required to force it to flow increases.
b. the pressure required to force it to flow decreases.
c. the fluid becomes thinner.
d. the hematocrit decreases.
e. the flow does not change.
a. the pressure required to force it to flow increases.
Which of the FOLLOWING acts as a storage area for blood?
Select one:
a. the aorta
b. the veins
c. capillaries
d. arterioles
e. the arteries
b. The veins
Veins that return blood directly to the heart include the
Select one:
a. brachiocephalic vein.
b. superior vena cava.
c. portal vein.
d. azygos vein.
e. pulmonary arteries.
b. superior vena cava.
In capillary exchange, which of the FOLLOWING statements is true?
SELECTone:
a. Most fluid that leaves the arterial end of a capillary reenters the venous end of a capillary.
b. Interstitial fluid normally has a higher osmotic pressure than plasma.
c. Constriction of the precapillary sphincter will increase blood pressure in the capillary.
d. Interstitial protein concentration is normally higher than plasma protein concentration.
e. Most fluid that leaves the arterial end of a capillary enters the lymphatic system.
a. Most fluid that leaves the arterial end of a capillary reenters the venous end of a capillary.
The lining of a capillary is called the
Select one:
a. endothelium.
b. adventitia.
c. pericapillary layer.
d. thoroughfare layer.
e. tunica.
e. Endothelium
The exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the PRIMARY function of
Select one:
a. veins.
b. arteries.
c. arterioles.
d. capillaries.
e. venules.
d. capillaries.
In which of the FOLLOWING would you detect a weak pulse?
SELECTone:
a. hypertension
b. hemorrhagic shock
c. fluid excess
d. increased stroke volume
e. a healthy young person
b. hemorrhagic shock
SYSTEMICblood vessels transport blood
Select one:
a. from the left ventricle through the body to the left atrium.
b. from the left ventricle through the body to the right atrium.
c. from the right ventricle through the body to the left atrium.
d. from the right ventricle through the body to the right atrium.
e. from the left ventricle to the lungs.
b. from the left ventricle through the body to the right atrium.
Which of the FOLLOWING enhances the exchange between capillary walls and the interstitial spaces?
Select one:
a. the thinness of the capillary wall
b. minimal branching in the capillary bed
c. increased blood velocity through the capillaries
d. the high pressure in the interstitial spaces
e. the stratification of the capillary wall
a. the thinness of the capillary wall
From the heart to body tissues, which of the FOLLOWING sequences of vessels is correct?
SELECTone:
a. muscular artery, arteriole, elastic artery, capillary
b. arteriole, muscular artery, elastic artery, capillary
c. elastic artery, muscular artery, arteriole, capillary
d. elastic artery, arteriole, muscular artery, capillary
e. distributing artery, muscular artery, medium artery, capillary
c. elastic artery, muscular artery, arteriole, capillary
Which of the FOLLOWING best describes arteries?
Select one:
a. strong, rigid vessels that carry blood under high pressure
b. thin, elastic vessels that transport blood under low pressure
c. elastic vessels that connect arterioles and venules
d. fragile vessels that are prone to rupture.
e. strong, elastic vessels that carry blood under high pressure.
e. strong, elastic vessels that carry blood under high pressure.
The auscultatory method of measuring blood pressure
Select one:
a. relies on the insertion of a cannula into the vessel in which pressure is being measured.
b. monitors the oscillations in the blood vessel during changes in pressure.
c. involves an electronic transducer attached to a mercury manometer.
d. relies on hearing Korotkoff’s sounds through a stethoscope.
e. relies on hearing the sounds made by laminar flow of the blood.
d. relies on hearing Korotkoff’s sounds through a stethoscope.
