Week 1-5 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the 5 phases of the walking stance
Initial contact, loading response, mid-stance, terminal stance and pre-swing
What are the 3 phases of the walking swing
Initial swing, mid swing and terminal swing
What are the 5 phases of running
Stance (Absorption and propulsion), Early float, swing and late float
What is the difference between a step and a stride
A stride is right foot to right foot while a step is right foot to left foot or vice versa
What is the main factor seperating walking and running?
Duty Factor, <0.5 is walking and <0.5 is running
How do you calculate speed?
Stride length multipled by stride frequency
During walking the leg is modeled as a what?
Inverted pendulum
What does angular kinematics describe?
Rotation about an axis
The axis of the rotation is the _______ of the angular kinematics vector
Direction
What are the two types of angles and what do they describe?
Absolute - describes a rigid body that rotates about an axis
Relative - describes joint angles
Sagittal, frontal and transverse plane motion is around what axis’?
X, Y and Z respectively
What are the three main dynamic forces?
Air resistance (drag), Lift and magnus
What does dimpling (like a golf ball) achieve?
Introduces turbulence along the surface, therefore ball will travel further
Backspin tends to
decrease the angle for max distance and makes the projectile rise and go further
Topsin tends to
increase the angle for max distance and makes the projectile drop and go less far
Sidespin tends to
will act as a gyroscope to keep projectile in constant orientation
What is the difference between a vector and a scalar
Scalars are quantities that are described by a magnitude (numerical value) where as velocities are quantities described by a magnitude and direction
What is a projectile and what acts upon a projectile?
A projectile is an object in the air affected by gravity and aerodynamic forces
Difference between distance and displacement
Distance is a scalar and only measures distance travelled from starting point where as displacement is a vector and is described by how high and how far.
What is a timing gate?
Records times at different positions of a run
What is newtons first law?
Law of inertia, where a mass will stay at rest or a uniform motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
What is newtons second law?
Law of acceleration - Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The heavier the mass means the more force required to accelerate the mass
What is newtons third law?
Law of action and reaction - For every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force)
