Week 1

Question 1

Etiology

Answer 1

The cause of disease. Idiopathic means we don’t know.

Question 2

Pathogenesis

Answer 2

Path= pathology genesis= beginning How does the disease start? Develop?

Question 3

Prognosis

Answer 3

Chances for complete recovery. Predict permanent loss of function. Probability of survival.

Question 4

Palliative

Answer 4

Treatments designed to relieve and manage symptoms. Often used for terminal illnesses.

Question 5

Incidence

Answer 5

Number of new cases at a given time

Question 6

Endoscopy

Answer 6

Non surgical: Technique of examining interior of body with flexible tube with a light

Question 7

Laparascopy

Answer 7

Surgical: technique to examine structures within peritoneal cavity. (Small incision made in abdominal wall, often naval)

Question 8

Functional disease

Answer 8

No morphological abnormalities yet body functions are disturbed

Question 9

Structural changes can cause functional changes.

Answer 9

Easier to find structural disease that lead to functional changes: Cancer, arthritis. Sometimes disease doesn’t fit into one of the other (Depression). Hard to tell what causes it.

Question 10

Health is a _____

Answer 10

continuum. Good healthSerious illness

Question 11

Terminal meaning

Answer 11

Disease will end with death

Question 12

Difference between prevalence and incidence

Answer 12

Incidence is the number of new cases, which is small than the prevalence which includes existing cases.

Question 13

Epidemiology

Answer 13

The study of the occurrence, transmission, distribution, and control of disease.

Question 14

Accuracy of a diagnostic test

Answer 14

Are the results of the tests an indication for what’s being measured

Question 15

Precision of a diagnostic test

Answer 15

Ability of a test to provide the same result every time it’s used

Question 16

Sensitivity of a diagnostic test

Answer 16

Ability of a test to be positive in the presence of disease

Question 17

Specificity of a diagnostic test

Answer 17

Ability of a test ti be negative in the absence of disease

Question 18

Why do they take BP a lot?

Answer 18

screening for early signs of disease. PAP screens for cervical cancer. Mammogram, colonoscopy, etc.

Question 19

Sometimes we screen for ____ diseases because parents are carriers

Answer 19

genetic

Question 20

Screening tests should be

Answer 20

inexpensive and non-invasive

Question 21

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer 21

3d x-ray good for imaging internal organs. Ie lung cancer. Cons: high dose radiation

Question 22

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 22

Uses movement of hydrogen atoms to generate image within magnet: pros: does not use x-rays, sensitive cons: expensive, uncomfortable and long

Question 23

Ultrasound

Answer 23

Uses sound waves to view soft tissue: pros: no radiation Cons: Needs to be superficial

Question 24

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Answer 24

Radioactive material is injected into the patient, and then the patient is scanned to determine where the material has settled

Question 25

Cytology examines what

Answer 25

examining cells

Question 26

histology examines what

Answer 26

examining tissue

Question 27

Why are some disease not curable?

Answer 27

don't know cause Can't get at cause (nervous tissue encased in bone)

Question 28

Any disturbance of structure or function of the body

Answer 28

Disease

Question 29

Characteristic structural changes in organs and tissues (functional and organic)

Answer 29

Lesions

Question 30

Study of structural and functional changes in body as a result of disease.

Answer 30

Pathology

Question 31

Associated with structural changes: Heart disease is a good example. You can see these changes.

Answer 31

Organic (structural) disease

Question 32

The cause of disease. Idiopathic means we don't know.

Answer 32

Etiology

Question 33

Path= pathology genesis= beginning How does the disease start? Develop?

Answer 33

Pathogenesis

Question 34

Symptoms: Reported by patient. Subjective. Most of a sore throat or a headache is a symptom, because you can't see the signs. Signs: Measurable and objective. If the throat was red and swollen it could be a sign of a sore throat.

Answer 34

Symptoms/signs

Question 35

Chances for complete recovery. Predict permanent loss of function. Probability of survival.

Answer 35

Prognosis

Question 36

How uncomfortable it makes you feel. Cold vs pneumonia.

Answer 36

Morbidity

Question 37

Rates of death

Answer 37

Mortality

Question 38

Treatments designed to relieve and manage symptoms. Often used for terminal illnesses.

Answer 38

Palliative

Question 39

Number of total cases at a given time

Answer 39

Prevalence

Question 40

Number of new cases at a given time

Answer 40

Incidence

Question 41

Non surgical: Technique of examining interior of body with flexible tube with a light

Answer 41

Endoscopy

Question 42

Surgical: technique to examine structures within peritoneal cavity. (Small incision made in abdominal wall, often naval)

Answer 42

Laparascopy

Question 43

No morphological abnormalities yet body functions are disturbed

Answer 43

Functional disease

Question 44

Easier to find structural disease that lead to functional changes: Cancer, arthritis. Sometimes disease doesn't fit into one of the other (Depression). Hard to tell what causes it.

Answer 44

Structural changes can cause functional changes.

Question 45

Organism causing disease: BActeria

Answer 45

Pathogen

Question 46

Collection of clinical signs and symptoms

Answer 46

Syndrome

Question 47

continuum. Good healthSerious illness

Answer 47

Health is a \_\_\_\_\_

Question 48

Disease will end with death

Answer 48

Terminal meaning

Question 49

Incidence is the number of new cases, which is small than the prevalence which includes existing cases.

Answer 49

Difference between prevalence and incidence

Question 50

The study of the occurrence, transmission, distribution, and control of disease.

Answer 50

Epidemiology

Question 51

Are the results of the tests an indication for what's being measured

Answer 51

Accuracy of a diagnostic test

Question 52

Ability of a test to provide the same result every time it's used

Answer 52

Precision of a diagnostic test

Question 53

Ability of a test to be positive in the presence of disease

Answer 53

Sensitivity of a diagnostic test

Question 54

Ability of a test ti be negative in the absence of disease

Answer 54

Specificity of a diagnostic test

Question 55

screening for early signs of disease. PAP screens for cervical cancer. Mammogram, colonoscopy, etc.

Answer 55

Why do they take BP a lot?

Question 56

genetic

Answer 56

Sometimes we screen for ____ diseases because parents are carriers

Question 57

inexpensive and non-invasive

Answer 57

Screening tests should be

Question 58

3d x-ray good for imaging internal organs. Ie lung cancer. Cons: high dose radiation

Answer 58

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Question 59

Uses movement of hydrogen atoms to generate image within magnet: pros: does not use x-rays, sensitive cons: expensive, uncomfortable and long

Answer 59

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 60

Uses sound waves to view soft tissue: pros: no radiation Cons: Needs to be superficial

Answer 60

Ultrasound

Question 61

Radioactive material is injected into the patient, and then the patient is scanned to determine where the material has settled

Answer 61

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Question 62

examining cells

Answer 62

Cytology examines what

Question 63

examining tissue

Answer 63

histology examines what

Question 64

don't know cause Can't get at cause (nervous tissue encased in bone)

Answer 64

Why are some disease not curable?