Week 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Primary child presents with ulceration of the areas around his mouth, he has some lymphadenopathy. Vesicles are present particularly in the corner of his mouth. Likley diagnosis and treatment?
Herpes simplex virus (cold sore)
Aciclovir oral
Herpangina usually presents with vesicles and ulcers in what area?
Soft palate
Young kid presents with blisters on his hands and mouth. What is the likely diagnosis?
Hand foot and mouth disease
Young man presents with painless ulcer in the inner aspect of his lip and on his genitals. It is quite a thick looking ulcer. Diagnosis and treatmetn?
Primary syphilis
Penicillin
Man presents with recurring ulcers of his mouth. They are oval looking and have an inflammatory halo. Likely diagnosis?
Apthous ulcer
If someone is getting recurrent painful mouth ulcers what underlying conditions would you suspect?
Behcets disease Gluten sensitive enteropathy IBD Reiters disease (reactive arthritis) Drug reactions Skin disease (lichen planus, pemphigoid)
What is the most common pathogen causing acute pharyngitis?
Virus
What is the treatment for acute pharyngitis?
Self care- regular analgesia, medicated losengers
Under what circumstances would you send a patient to hospital or to a specialist when they have acute pharyngitis?
If stridor or resp difficulty
On DMARD, carbimazole, chemo, have asplenia, HIV- urgent FBC and refer
Man presents with a white covering of the back of his throat, he has recently been to russia. Lilkey diagnosis? Treatment?
Diptheria (more common in russia)
Supportive, ANTITOXIN
Young university student presents with a fever, large cervical nodes, a sore throat, lethargy and malaise. On examination he has red spots on his hard palate that wont blanch. likely diagnosis and treatment?
Glandular fever
Antivirals not effective so bed rest, paracetamol
(Dont give steroids as can make virus worse)
You do a blood film and there is lymphocytosis and atypical lymphocytes on blood film. Patient had a fevere and sore throat. What would be your differential ?
Glandular fever
HIV test
Both cause lymphocytosis
What are some of the complications of glandular fever?
Splenic rupture, anameia, thrombocytaemia
What is the treatment for oral candida
Antifungals like nystatin fluconazole
By what time should symptoms of acute pharyngitis clear?
3 days
Child after upper resp infection now has an extremely sore ear. On examination the typanic membrane looks swollen. What is the likely diagnosis?
Acute otitis media
What is the treatment for otitis media?
Should resolve spontaneously in 4 days
If do require it then amoxicillin first line then erythromycin
Man with known diabetes presents with pain in his ear that is completely unproportional to the red area on his outer ear. He also has a headache. What is the likely diagnosis?
Malignant otitis
What is ageusia? How is it caused?
Loss of taste function
Nerve damage, inflammation (glossitis, radiation, tobacco), endocrine disorders
What is hypogeusia? How is it caused?
Reduced taste function
Chemotherapy, medications
What is dysgeusia? How is it caused?
Distortion of taste function
Glossitis, gum infection, reflux, upper resp infections, medications, neoplam, chemo, zinc deficiency
What is so special about olfactory reeptors?
They are specialised endings of renewable afferent neurons in the olfactory mucosa
(They are replaced by the basal cells in the supporting cells
What is anosmia? What can cause it
?
Inability to smell
Viral infections, allergies, nasal polyps, head injury
What is hyposmia? What can cause it
?
Reduced ability to smell
Can be early sign of parkinsons diseaes
