Week 1 Flashcards
What is pseudoscience?
Is beliefs or theories that doesn’t hold up to the scientific method.
What is Recipe knowledge
Knowing how to use something without know how it works.
Explain Bias Blind Spot
The notion that it is easy to see bias in other, but very difficult to see bias within your POV
What Criteria is used to deem research as “expert”?
(A) can it be proven? - falsifiability
(B) can it make predictions?- probabilistic prediction
(C) was it peer reviewed?
(D) does it build on previous knowledge?
PPPP
- Proven
- Predictions
- Previous knowledge
- Peer Reviewed
Why does Psychology suffer from a negative view?
- lack of exposure to psychologist outside of Freud and Skinner
- Back advice in self help
- clinical psychology has used ineffective treatment methods
What is the difference between personal psychology and scientific psychology?
Personal psychology can be comforting to explain something after it happens, but Scientific psychology can make predictions about the future.
What justifies Psychology as an independent discipline?
(1) psychology studies the whole range of human and non-human behavior to science techniques
(2) psychological applications are based in the scientific methods.
Define Psychology
Data-based scientific study of behavior
What is Science?
A way of thinking about and observing the universe that leads to a deeper understanding of how it works.
Explain Systematic Empiricism
Scientist come to an understanding of the world by examining it through naturalistic observations , then propose theories based off those observations.
Three features that define science
- Systematic Empiricism
- Production of Knowledge
- Solvable Problems
Production of Public Knowledge
Information must be submitted to the scientific community for criticism and testing to be considered scientific knowledge.
Why is it important for theory to be biased on Solvable Problems?
A question must be able to be tested or proven by empirical techniques to be considered for scientific research
What is the difference between psychology and folk wisdom?
Folk Wisdom is after the fact. Psychology uses empirical techniques that leads to the prediction of the future.
What is Falsifiability Criterion?
Scientific theories must be able to be proved false.
Hypothesis
A Hypothesis is a prediction that is based off a theory.
Theory
an interrelated set of concepts used to explain is that his findings and make predictions about the results of future studies.
Forer Effect
only see ways a theory in true, not looking for contradictions
Self Validation
Looking for things that seen accurate and disregarding things that are contradictory
confirmation bias
the tendency to find things that confirm your
POV/beliefs and ignore things that challenge you beliefs.
What are the effects of the psychological monoculture?
when studies are being peer reviewed, peers are more likely to look more favorably upon work with theories they agree with. OR become more critical of POV that are different .
What are the three ways that people gain knowledge ?
- Intuition
- Authority
- Rational Induction
What three features define science?
- systematic empiricism
- public knowledge
- addresses solvable problems
Peer review
Where other scientist review your data and comment on your work. If denied is recommended for more revisions. Peer reviewer’s cannot know you will be a part of your study.
