Week 1 (Anatomy) Flashcards
(20 cards)
What makes up the CNS
Brain
Spinal cord
What makes up the PNS
Sensory systems
Somatic and visceral motor systems
What makes up the ANS
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric
Describe the changes of the forebrain over time
At 40 days, the forebrain splits into the telencephalon and the diencephalon.
At adult age, the telencephalon has formed the cerebral hemisphere. The diencephalon has formed the thalamus, hypothalamus and pituitary.
Describe the changes of the midbrain over time?
No change
Describe the changes of the hindbrain over time?
At 40 days the hindbrain widens. By adult, the cerebellum has formed as well as the pons and medulla.
What are the 4 components of an fetal CNS?
Prosencephalon (containing optic vesicle)
Mesencephalon (containing the cephalic flexure)
Rhombencephalon (containing the cervical flexure)
Spinal cord
Major comparisons between rat and human brain
Midbrain and hindbrain have similar proportions in human and rat
Forebrain in proportionately much larger in human
Define nucleus
Group of cell bodies in the CNS
Define tract
Axons grouped together in the CNS
Define ganglion
Group of cell bodies in the PNS
Define nerve
Group of axons in the PNS
Role of cerebrum (cebebral cortex)
Organising motor control.
Processing sensory input .
Higher mental functions (emotions, memory etc)
Role of hippocampus (part of cerebrum)
Formation of memories.
Role of cerebellum
Planning and execution of voluntary movements.
Balance
Pituitary gland
Production and release of hormones.
Brainstem
Respiration, heart rate, blood pressure
Control of involuntary muscles
Hypothalamus
Homeostasis.
Control of the pituitary
Describe the dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway
Used in proprioception.
Spinal cord
Crosses at medulla
Thalamus
Cerebral cortex
Describe the spinathalamic pathway
Used in pain and temp
Crosses in spinal cord
Thalamus
Cerebral cortex
