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Physio studies > Week 1 - Being a health professional / joint movements, axes + the kinetic chain > Flashcards

Week 1 - Being a health professional / joint movements, axes + the kinetic chain Flashcards

1
Q

Define a profession

A
  • Independent + defined body of knowledge + expertise
  • Having shared values + ethical decision making
  • Regulated + accredited membership
    -Uni degree as minimum qualififcation
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2
Q

What are the codes of conduct as stated by AHPRA

A

Must value + base practice on:
- Health + care of clients
- Safe + effective practice
- Increasing level of professional competence
- Shared decision making w/ clients
- Collaboration w/ colleagues

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3
Q

What are the standards of competency

A

Physios must be competent in/as:
- Physiotherapy practitioner
- Professional + ethical practice
- Communicator
- Reflective practice + self-directed learning
- Collaborative practitioner
- Educator
- Manager/leader

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4
Q

What 2 laws govern physio practice in Australia

A
  • The health Practitioner Regulation National Law Act (2009)
  • The Privacy Act (1998)
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5
Q

What are the 2 purposes of the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law Act

A
  • Protect the public
  • Ensure a flexible, responsive + sustainable Australian health workforce
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6
Q

Describe 3 key traits of professional behaviour

A
  • Taking individual responsibility for behaviour + learning
  • Providing respectful, safe + effective care for clients
  • Working cooperatively/collaborating w/ colleagues
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7
Q

Who does the privacy act protect

A
  • Individuals who are clients of health professionals that require the documentation + sharing of personal health info
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8
Q

What is the purpose of a code of conduct

A

Ensures professionals base their practice off certain values

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9
Q

3 documents governing physio

A
  • Code of conduct (2022)
  • Mandatory notifications about registered health practitioners (guideline)
  • Informing a national board about where you practise (guideline)
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10
Q

What does the acronym VUCA stand for

A
  • The notion that the world is Volatile, Uncertain, Complex + Ambiguous
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11
Q

Challenges for physios

A
  • Ageing population
  • Decreased resources
  • Increased fragmentation of the healthcare system
  • Increased competition from other professions
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12
Q

Describe graduate qualities of physios

A
  • Will be prepared for lifelong learning in pursuit of development + excellence
  • Will respond to change confidently + in a flexible + adaptable manner
  • Will maintain a positive concept of self
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13
Q

Define resilience

A

A dynamic process of positive adaptation in the face of adversity or challenge

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14
Q

What are the components of PERMA+

A
  • Positive emotion
  • Engagement
  • Relationships
  • Meaning
  • Accomplishment
    + Physical activity, nutrition, sleep + optimism
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15
Q

What is human movement determined by

A
  • Individual traits eg. height, weight
  • Environment
  • Tasks
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16
Q

What are the branches of biomechanics

A

Kinematics = movement
Kinetics = forces

Both can be linear + angular

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17
Q

Define ipsilateral

A

Appearing on the same side of the body
eg. left knee + left elbow

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18
Q

Define contralateral

A

Appearing on the opposite side of the body
eg. Left knee, right elbow

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19
Q

Movements occur about what axis in relation to the sagittal plane

A

Frontal axis eg. bicep curl (parallel to plane)

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20
Q

Movements occur about what axis in relation to the frontal plane

A

Sagittal axis eg. arms moving parallel to the plane to above the head

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21
Q

Movements occur about what axis in relation to the transverse plane

A

Longitudinal axis eg. rotations

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22
Q

Define flexion

A

Bones forming a joint are brought closer together (angle between bones decreases)

23
Q

Define extension

A

Bones forming a joint move away from each other (angle between bones increases)

24
Q

Define abduction

A

Movement of body part away from midline

25
Q

Define adduction

A

Movement of body part towards midline

26
Q

Define internal (medial) rotation

A

Movement around a longitudinal axis, toward the midline of the body

27
Q

Define external (lateral) rotation

A

Movement around a longitudinal axis, away from the midline

28
Q

What does degrees of freedom refer to

A

the number of planes (or axes) of movement permitted at each joint

29
Q

What are the classifications of degrees of freedom

A

Uniaxial (one degree)
Biaxial (2 degrees)
Triaxial/multiaxial (3 degrees)

30
Q

What are examples of uniaxial synovial joints

A

Hinge joint eg. elbow
Pivot joint eg. median atlantoaxial joint (neck)

31
Q

What are examples of biaxial joints

A

Condyloid joint eg. radiocarpal joint
Saddle joint eg. CMC joint of thumb

32
Q

What are examples of multiaxial joints

A

Ball and socket joint eg. shoulder, hip
Plane joint eg. intercarpal joints (b/t carpals)

33
Q

What movements are involved in ankle pronation (flattening of arch)

A

Dorsiflexion, eversion + abduction

34
Q

What movements are involved in ankle supination (raising of arch)

A

Plantar flexion, inversion + adduction

35
Q

What is circumduction

A

Abduction, adduction, flexion + extension
Occurs in the shoulder, hip + trunk

36
Q

What is hyperextension

A

Movements occurring beyond a joints range
eg. elbow goes beyond 0* -> negative extension

37
Q

What are examples of horizontal abduction + adduction

A

Bowling + catching a ball

38
Q

Describe the 3 pairs of scapular movements

A
  • Elevation (moving up) + depression (moving down) -> frontal plane
  • Retraction (adduction) + protraction (abduction) in transversal plane
  • Downwards + upwards rotation in frontal plane
39
Q

Name + describe the various movements of the thumb

A

Flexion - towards palm
Extension - away from palm
-> sag. axis
Abduction - up
Adduction - down
-> frontal axis
Opposition - flexion, abduction + internal rotation

40
Q

Describe physiological joint movement

A
  • Occurs in a cardinal plane around a cardinal axis
  • Active control + easily observed
41
Q

Describe accessory joint movements

A
  • Movements occurring between joint surfaces during physiological movements
  • Essential for normal movements
  • Can’t control actively -> used by clinicians to assess + treat joints
42
Q

Describe 3 types of accessory joint movements

A
  • Spin = concave/convex bones rotate around longitudinal axis
  • Roll = bone at top rolls back + forth
  • Slide = bone at top slides across socket of bone below
43
Q

Describe what happens when the stationary bone is concave and the moving bone is convex according to the concave-convex rule

A

Gliding motion occurs in opposite direction to bone

44
Q

Describe what happens when the stationary bone is convex and the moving bone is concave according to the concave-convex rule

A

Gliding motion occurs in same direction as bone

45
Q

Differentiate between active + passive joint movement

A

Active produced through voluntary muscle contraction whilst passive requires external force

46
Q

List the factors affecting joint range of motion

A
  • Shape of articular surfaces
  • Articular cartilage
  • Restraining ligaments
  • Tight muscles crossing joints
  • Weak muscles + poor control (active only)
47
Q

List ‘other’ factors influencing joint ROM

A
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Habits
  • Fitness
  • Body type
48
Q

Describe hard joint end feel

A

Bone on bone apposition eg. elbow

49
Q

Describe firm/tight/springy joint end feel

A

Tight muscle, ligaments or capsule across the joint eg. length of hip flexor

50
Q

Describe soft/spongy joint end feel

A

Soft tissue apposition eg. flexing knee

51
Q

Define a kinetic chain

A

A series of overlapping segments connected via a pin joint

52
Q

Describe an open kinetic chain

A

Whereby the distal segments of the chain moves in space eg. bench press, leg press

53
Q

Describe a closed kinetic chain

A

Whereby the distal segment is fixed + the proximal segment moves eg. push up, back squat

Physio studies (7 decks)

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