Week 1- Growth & Development

Question 1

What is the fastest growing age group?

Answer 1

Adult population: 85 years and older

Question 2

What is growth?

Answer 2

Quantifiable changes in structure size. (Increase size and weight)

Question 3

What body systems are influenced by sex during growth?

Answer 3

Muscular and skeletal system

Question 4

What systems in the body are less affected by sex during growth?

Answer 4

Nervous and respiratory system

Question 5

What influences growth?

Answer 5

Genetic factors
Prenatal and postnatal exposures
Nutrition
Environmental factors

Also:
Emotional health (temperament)
Traditional cultural practices
Family

Question 6

What growth period has an extremely rapid growth pattern?

Answer 6

Childbearing period
Infancy
Adolescences

Question 7

What growth period has the slowest growth pattern?

Answer 7

Toddler
Preschool
School age

Question 8

By 6 months of age, infancy’s have usually doubled in what?

Answer 8

Weight

Question 9

By age 1 infants have usually tripled what?

Answer 9

Weight

Question 10

In early life what is the fastest growing section of the body?

Answer 10

Head

Followed by trunk, then arms/ legs

Question 11

A newborns head accounts for how much of their entire length?

Answer 11

1/4

Question 12

The most important indication of a child’s overall health and well being is what?

Answer 12

Growth

Question 13

How should you assess growth data?

Answer 13

Serial measurements taken over a period of time plotted on a chart

Question 14

When is a growth pattern a concern?

Answer 14

Slowed growth
Plateaus
Decrease in height/ weight 
Decrease in head circumference 
Rapid growth
Rapid Increase height/ weight 
Rapid Increase in head circumference

Question 15

What is development?

Answer 15

Change and expansion of ability and advancement in skills from a lower to a more advanced capability.

Question 16

Is development qualitative or quantitative?

Answer 16

Qualitative

Question 17

Is growth quantitative or qualitative?

Answer 17

Quantitative

Question 18

What is cephalocaudal development?

Answer 18

Head to toe

Ex: infants can hold up their head/ neck before they can grab stuff in their hands

Question 19

What is proximodistal development?

Answer 19

Midline to periphery (centre of body outwards)

Ex: central nervous system develops before peripheral nervous system

Question 20

What is differentiation development?

Answer 20

Follows a pattern:
Simple to complex
General to specific

Ex:
Use whole hand grasp before being able to use finer control of the pincer grasp

They coo/ babble before they can speak

Question 21

The sequence of development is predictable but the exact timing of the sequence depends on the individual?

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Expectancy of a mastered skill/ milestone to be developed is done by what expectation?

Answer 22

Cultural expectations.

Question 23

What are the stages of growth and development?

Answer 23

Prenatal (before birth)
Neonatal (birth - 28 days)
Infancy (1month - 1 year)
Toddler (1-3 years)
Preschool (4-6 years)
School age (6- 12 years)
Adolescences (13-19 years)
Young adult (20-39 years)
Middle adult (40-64 years)
Young old adult (65-74 years)
Middle old adult (75-84 years)
Old old adult (85+)

Question 24

What are Eriksons 8 stages of development?

Answer 24

1. Infancy : trust vs. Mistrust
2. Toddler : autonomy vs. Shame/doubt
3. Preschool : initiative vs. Guilt
4. School age : industry vs. Inferiority
5. Adolescences : identity vs. Role confusion
6. Young adulthood : intimacy vs. Isolation
7. Middle adulthood : generativity vs. Stagnation
8. Older adulthood : ego integrity vs. Despair

Question 25

How does Eriksons theory work?

Answer 25

Need each person to develop a sense of trust in self and others and a sense of personal worth. Each stage depends on the preceding stage which must be accomplish successfully for the person to move onto the next stage.

Question 26

What type of development theory is Eriksons?

Answer 26

Psychosocial development

Question 27

What type of development theory is piaget?

Answer 27

Cognitive

Question 28

How does Piagets theory work?

Answer 28

Focuses on structure rather than content. How the mind works, rather than what it does.

Question 29

Wha are the stages of piagets theory?

Answer 29

Sensorimotor: birth - 2years. Preoperational: 2-7 years Concrete operations: 7-11 years Formal operations: 11-15 years

Question 30

What type of development is kohlberg theory?

Answer 30

Moral thinking and judgement

Question 31

What are the stages of Kohlbergs theory?

Answer 31

Preconventional : avoid punishment, get rewards Conventional : avoid disapproval, get approval Postconventional : achieve justice

Question 32

What type of development theory is Gillian?

Answer 32

Moral

Question 33

How Gillian theory works

Answer 33

Transition between stages based on changes in ones sense of self rather than cognitive development

Question 34

How does kohlbergs theory work?

Answer 34

Focus on hypothetical moral dilemmas. It’s a cognitive development focusing on the ethics of rights and justice.

Question 35

What are the stages in Gillian theory?

Answer 35

Preconventional : individual survival Conventional : self sacrifice Postconventional : nonviolence (don’t hurt self or others)