Week 1 OMK Objectives Flashcards
(19 cards)
Define the below core competency of osteopathic medicine
Osteopathic Philosophy and Osteopathic manipulative medicine
To demonstrate and apply knowledge and of accepted standards of OMT appropriate to their specialty. To be a skilled and competent practitioner dedicated to life-long learning and practice of OMT.
Define the below core competency of osteopathic medicine
Medical knowledge
Demonstrate and apply knowledge of accepted standards of clinical medicine, remain apprised of new developments, participate in life-long learning activities including research.
Define the below core competency of osteopathic medicine
Patient care
Effectively treat patients, provide medical care that incorporates osteopathic philosophy, patient empathy, awareness of behavioral issues, the incorporation of preventative medicine, and health promotion.
Define the below core competency of osteopathic medicine
Interpersonal and communication skills
Demonstrate interpersonal and communication skills that enable them to establish a relationship with patients, families, and other members of the health-care team.
Define the below core competency of osteopathic medicine
Professionalism
Uphold the osteopathic oath in the conduct of professional activities that prmote advocacy of patient welfare, adhearence to ethical prinicples, collaboration with health professionals, life-long learning, and sensitivity to a diverse patient population. Be aware of one’s own physical and mental health in order to more effectively care for the patient.
Define the below core competency of osteopathic medicine
Practice-based learning and improvement
Demonstrate the ability to critically evaluate their methods of clinical practice, integrate evidence-based medicine into patient care, show an understanding of research methods, and improve patient care practices.
Define the below core competency of osteopathic medicine
Systems-based practice
Demonstrate an understanding of health care delivery systems, provide effective and qualitative patient care within the system, and practice cost-effective medicine.
Describe the structural components of the Team-based learning process
- Pre-reading: Students are given 30- 50 pages of reading to do prior to class in order to prepare for the lecture.
- ) iRAT: individual tests meant to hold the student accountable for the reading material.
- ) tRAT: the same test but taken as a team with the scratch off cards
- ) Appeals: an opportunity to defend an answer, or return to the reading material and determine what the correct asnwer was
- ) Mini-Lecture: focusing on the material that the students had trouble with during the iRAT and tRATs.
List the seven characteristics of helpful feedback
- ) Descriptive and “owned” by the sender.
- ) Specifc
- ) Honest and sincere
- ) Expressed in terms relevant to the self-perceived needs of the receiver
- ) Timely and in context
- ) Desired by the receiver
- ) Usable, as in something that the receiver has control over.
Define the terms: concept map prompt, domains of knowledge, concept and cross-link
Concept mapping prompt: usually asks you to explain the pathophysiology responsible for he patient’s clinical presentation.
Domains of Knowledge: Basic science and clinical presentation that will include relevant concepts and act as the scaffolding of the concept map.
Cross-links: arrows containing a verb or phrase to address and action or connection between concepts
Predict correctly the effects of temperature, solubility, surface area, molecular weight, diffusion distance, and concentration gradient on the rate of simple diffusion of substances across cell membranes
Temperature: Cold temperature will decrease the rate of diffusion, warm temperature will increase the rate of diffusion.
Solubility: Lower solubility in water will decrease the rate of diffusion,
Surface area: The greater the surface area the faster the diffusion
Molecular Weight: Smaller molecules diffuse better than larger molecules
Diffusion Distance: Greater diffusion distance decreases the diffusion.
Concentration Gradient: Higher concentration gradients result in greater diffusion.
Describe how extracellular signals are transduced through receptors on the plasma membrane resulting in intracellular changes
Recognition where a ligand changes the conformational shape of a receptor which then initiates a response within the cell.
Transduction means that the binding of a ligand must be transduced into some kind of functional response within the cell.
Source: Properties of Cellular Receptors Handout
Identify the major difference between chemical messengers that are specific for intracellular receptors and those that are specific for plasma membrane receptors
Chemical messengers specific for intracellular receptors must be lipid-soluble to cross the cell membrane.
Source: Basic and clinical pharmacology, ch 2, figure 2-5
Describe how extracellular signals such as capsaicin result in cellular changes leading to the perception of pain
- Capsaicin activates transient receptor potential (TRP) channels) in nociceptive sensory nerves which creates an action potential in the nerve and subsequently transmits the message of pain to the brain.*
- Source: Ganong’s Review, Ch8, Nociceptors & Figure 8-2*
Describe the pattern of pain distribution (dermatomes) associated with a herpes zoster infection
Herpes zoster infections causes leasions that involve one or two spinal nerves. Pain as well as vesicles in the corresponding skin area present in band-like regions of the body called dermatomes.
Source: Prenciples of Neurology, Ch 9, Spinal Roots, Figure 9-4
Define allodynia and hyperalgesia
Allodyna: over reactive pain response to a normal sitimulus. Example–warm shower on a sunburn
Hyperalgesia: An exaggerated response to a noxious stimulus.
In other words, its uncomfortable, but not THAT uncomfortable.
Source: Ganongs Medical Physiology, Ch. 8, Hyperalgesia and Allodynia
Discuss the general steps of viral replication, including adsorption or entry, uncoating, transcription (or reverse transcription), protein synthesis, assembly, exit and release
Adsorption/Entry: Multiple options – Virus binds to the receptor and the cell and viral membranes fuse, neucleocapsid proteins are released directly into the cytoplasm, or the entire viron is enternalized winthin an endosome.
Uncoating: Multiple options – the viron is endocytosed and the cell membrane forms a vesicle around the viron which then fuses with a lysosome that opens the contents with the high acid content., adenoviruses enter by endocytosis but require transport to the neucleus.
Transcription/Reverse Transcription: genome enters the nucleus and host DNA and RNA polymerases which replicate the viral genome.
Protein Systhesis: viral mRNA reenters the cytoplasm for translation to produce coat proteins, reverse transcriptase and envelope proteins.
Assembly: Viron self-assembles
Exit: The viron buds out of the cell and are released into the body.
Describe the lytic cycle of viral replication, in general terms
A phage particle injects its genome into a cell and reproduces many progeny phage particles. (Does not insert itself into host genome, but uses host reproductive infrastructure)
Source: Microbiology, Ch 6, pg 209 + 210
Describe the lysogenic phase of viral replication, in general terms
Phage integrates its genome into that of the host cell and the integraded DNA then replicates with the host DNA. The integrated DNA can spontaneously excise itself from the host DNA and generate a lytic burst of phage
Source: Microbiology Ch6, pg 210
