week 10 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Why is glass considered a brittle material?
Glass is brittle because it fails without large deformation or early warning when heavily loaded.
What is the tensile strength of glass like?
Glass has a low tensile strength, making it vulnerable to cracking or breaking under tension.
What are the three most common types of glass based on manufacturing process?
The three most popular types of glass are:
Annealed glass (also known as float glass)
Heat-strengthened glass
Tempered glass (also called toughened glass)
How does heat-strengthened glass compare to annealed glass?
Heat-strengthened glass has better resistance to crack propagation compared to annealed glass.
Which type of glass has the highest bending capacity and why?
Tempered glass has the highest bending capacity due to inherent compressive stresses developed during rapid quenching in manufacturing.
How is laminated glass manufactured?
Laminated glass is made by bonding two or more glass panes together using interlayers, which enhance its strength and safety.
What are the common types of windows used in buildings?
Common types include:
Side-hung
Folding
Fanlight
Vertical pivot hung
Centre pivot hung
Vertical sliding
Louvre
Top hung
Projected top hung
Sliding
How can appropriate lighting be achieved through window design?
By calculating and installing the right number of windows, and designing their shape and position appropriately, effective natural lighting can be achieved.
How do windows contribute to building ventilation?
The design and position of windows can provide natural ventilation, while mechanical ventilation may also be used. Both doors and windows play a role in airflow.
What affects the durability of windows?
Durability depends on:
Material selection
Manufacturing quality
Installation technique
How is sound insulation achieved in windows?
Sound insulation is typically improved using a combination of thick glass, double glazing, and laminated glazing.
What is a key design goal when it comes to window use in buildings?
To balance natural light gain while minimizing unwanted heat gain for energy efficiency and comfort.
Why is building orientation important for window design?
Proper orientation and window shading help optimize exposure to winter and summer sun paths, enhancing energy efficiency.
What contributes to the weather resistance of windows?
Two main factors:
Window design, including grooves, rebates, and weathering features
Structural opening design, including flashings and mastic pointing
Why are timber windows popular?
They are relatively low-cost and can last 50 to 60 years if properly maintained.
What are the characteristics of aluminium windows?
They can be:
Clear, colour anodised, or polyester powder-coated
They are non-corrosive in normal environments, but can still corrode in salt or industrial environments.
How do PVC windows perform in harsh environments?
PVC windows have good resistance to corrosion from salt and industrial pollution.
What is notable about steel windows?
They are highly durable, but prone to rust if their galvanised or plastic-coated finish is damaged.
What is a door in the context of a building?
A door is a movable barrier, either solid or glazed, used in openings or entranceways within walls or partitions of a building. It is also used in furniture such as cupboards and wardrobes.
What design considerations should be taken into account for doors?
Design considerations include:
Method of opening
Strength and durability
Weather protection
Sound and thermal insulation
Fire resistance
Security
How are doors classified?
Doors are classified by:
Location: External or internal
Method of hanging: Pass, sliding, folding, or revolving
Construction type: Unframed, framed, flush, or louvered
What is a timber door frame and where is it typically used?
A timber door frame is made from rectangular timber sections with a rebate cut in. It is generally used for external doors, and usually includes a sill or threshold.
What is a door lining and where is it typically used?
A door lining is made from timber boards (about 38 mm thick) and is as wide as the reveal of the opening. Linings are typically used for internal doors and do not have a sill or threshold.
What are the advantages of metal door frames?
Metal door frames are:
Termite-resistant
Fire-resistant
Warp-resistant
