WEEK 10 COMORBIDITIES Flashcards
(163 cards)
What are the nine National Health priority areas (NHPAs)?
- Cancer control (added 1996)
- Cardiovascular health
- Injury prevention and control.
- Mental health
- Diabetes mellitus
- Asthma
- Arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions.
- Obesity (added 2008)
- Dementia (added 2012)
At least how long dochronic health conditions have to last?
- At least 1 year
What is chronic disease defined as?
- Lasting a year or more.
- Requiring ongoing medical treatment or limits daily activities or both.
- Is the number one cause of death and disability in Australia.
What is the global burden of disease expected to cost by 2030?
- $47 trillion
In 2018, what was the Global burden of disease estimate?
- 71% of deaths (41 million people)
- With 85% of these deaths in low and middle income countries
In Aus, what % of people have one or more chronic conditions?
- 47% (1 in 2 Australians)
- 80% >65 yrs have one or more chronic conditions
- 20% have two or more conditions (1 in 5 Aussies)
Are males or females in Aus more likely to have comorbidities?
- Females
What cost do comorbidities contribute to Aus?
-More than 27 billion per year
What are the social impacts of multimorbidity?
- Employment slightly down by 15% compared to normal people
- Disability up by 42.1%
- Psychological distress increased by 30.7%
- Pain increased by 33%
- Increased fair on poor health by 26.7%
Adults with asthma are ___times more likely to be ___ .
Adults with asthma are 1.4 times more likely to be obese .
What % of people with asthma have heart, stroke and vascular diseases?
-15% versus 11% in non asthmatics
What % of people with COPD have one or more comorbidities?
- 90%
What are examples of underlying socio economic, cultural, political and environmental determinants that are causes of chronic diseases?
- Globalization
- Urbanization
- Population ageing
What are common modifiable risk factors that contribute to causing chronic disease?
- Unhealthy diet
- Physical inactivity
- Tobacco use
What are non modifiable risk factors that contribute to the cause of chronic disease?
- Age
- Heredity
What are the intermediate risk factors that contribute to the cause of chronic disease?
- Raised blood pressure
- Raised blood glucose
- Abnormal blood lipids
- Overweight/obesity
What are the main 5 chronic diseases that have underlying socioeconomic, cultural, political, and environmental determinants + common modifiable risk factors + non modifiable risk factors + intermediate risk factors contributing to main chronic diseases?
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Cancer
- Chronic respiratory diseases
- Diabetes
What is the aim of the national strategic framework for chronic conditions and what have they moved away from ?
- They have moved away from a disease specific approach.
- It recognises that there are similar underlying risk factors for several chronic conditions.
- Similar management and prevention principles apply to multiple chronic conditions
- Emphasises coordinated care
What is the vision for the National strategic framework for chronic conditions?
- The vision is it all Australians live healthier lives through effective prevention and management of chronic conditions.
In what three main ways is the vision for the National strategic framework for chronic conditions going to be achieved?
- Focus on prevention for a healthier Australia.
- Provide efficient effective and appropriate care to support people with chronic conditions to optimise quality of life.
- Target priority populations.
Who are the partners, what are the principles and who are the enablers for the National strategic framework for chronic conditions?
- The partners are basically everyone
- The principles are equity and person centred approaches
- The enablers are evidence based information and health literacy
What types of measurable indicators have been identified from the National strategic framework for chronic conditions?
- Heart disease risk
- Salt intake per capita
In terms of the 9 voluntary global NCD targets for 2025, is an aim for Diabetes/obesity to have a 0% increase, an improvement?
- Yes it is still an improvement because the cases will have 0% increase, meaning they will not be increasing
- However 5 years may not be a long enough timeframe to achieve this.
In terms of the 9 voluntary global NCD targets for 2025, is an aim for physical inactivity to have a 10% reduction valid?
- Yes as it may seem like a small change BUT it all adds up and can result in a large population health improvement