Week 10 Friday

Question 1

green tea

Answer 1

antioxidants

-interferes with warfarin

Question 2

chamomile

Answer 2

antinflammatory and antispasmodic

Question 3

echinacea

Answer 3

prevention of upper respiratory infection

• interferes with anticoagulant drug
• adverse reactions: fever, sore through, N/V

Question 4

garlic

Answer 4

lowers cholesterol, TG, and LDL

• bad breath and odor
• se: flatulence, nausea, heartburn
• interferes any anticoagulant/antiplatelet drug

Question 5

ginko biloba

Answer 5

benefit cognitive function in dementia

• interferes with anticoagulant
• SE: HTN, intestinal upset, headache, palpitations

Question 6

gensing

Answer 6

helps with stress

• increases immune function
• treats ED
• interferes with anticoagulant
• se: BP changes, insomnia, HA

Question 7

hawthorne

Answer 7

tx of heart disease, digestive and kidney probs

Question 8

St Johns Wort

Answer 8

tx mild-mod depression

• taken for max 3 mo
• interferes warfarin
• wear sunscreen, causes hypomania, suicidal/homocidal thoughts, HTN

Question 9

saw palmetto

Answer 9

BPH sx improvement

-do not use with other drugs being used to treat BPH or prostate cancer

Question 10

Katz Index

Answer 10

Assesses the basic Activities of Daily Living are those tasks needed for self-care and include eating, toileting, ambulation, bathing, dressing, and grooming.

Question 11

Barthel Index

Answer 11

Used in rehabilitation settings and measures the amount of physical assistance needed when a person can no longer carry out ADLs independently.

Question 12

Lawton Instrument

Answer 12

Assesses ability to do tasks needed for independent living and include cooking, cleaning, doing laundry, using the telephone and accessing means of transportation, taking medicines, yard work, shopping, and money management.

Question 13

Blessed Dementia Scale

Answer 13

Assesses ADLs, IADLs, memory, recalling events, and finding one’s way outdoors.

Question 14

tinctures

Answer 14

fluid extracts that us alcohol as the extract medium

Question 15

Salves

Answer 15

ointment used topically

Question 16

Preop

Answer 16

stop all herbal products 2-3 wks before surgery

Question 17

fish oil

Answer 17

lowers cholesterol, TG
noninflammatory and decreases proinflamm cytokines
-SE: GI upset, belching
-increased risk of bleeding
-not given to diabetes, CHD, high CV risk, reccurent AF

Question 18

Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate

Answer 18

• support cartilage and connective tissue
• for osteoarthritis and joint health
• caution for selfish allergies
• take with food

Question 19

HTN Dietary Supplements

Answer 19

•Coenzyme Q10•Fish oil•Garlic•Green tea•Melatonin

Question 20

Cancer Dietary Supplements

Answer 20

•Calcium (colorectal)•Fish oil (endometrial) •Garlic (colorectal, prostate)•Ginseng (breast, stomach, lung, liver, ovarian, skin)

Question 21

Alzheimer’s Disease Dietary Supplements

Answer 21

• mod physical activity
• tea 1-4 times
• normal Vitamin D

Question 22

Presbyopia

Answer 22

loss of near vision

Question 23

Extraocular changes

Answer 23

eyelids lose elasticity = drooping

Question 24

Ocular changes

Answer 24

• iris is slower to respond light/dark
• glare
• decreased accomodation

Question 25

Intraocular Changes

Answer 25

- webs, lines, spots (retinal detachment) - color probs: use red, orange, and yellow - yellowing of lens - peripheral vision not discrete or is absent

Question 26

Cataracts

Answer 26

- loss of transparency and scattering of light - halos - surgery post op: avoid heavy lifting, straining, bending, eye drops

Question 27

Primary open angle glaucoma

Answer 27

second leading cause of legal blindness Progressive, asymptomatic with visual field lossMay complain of headache, poor vision in dim lighting, tired eyes

Question 28

Acute Angle Closure

Answer 28

- Emergency - IOP ↑ rapidly - Avoid anticholinergics

Question 29

Diabetic Macular Edema

Answer 29

■Most common cause of visual loss due to DM; leading cause of legal blindness ■Blurred vision, loss of contrast, and patches of vision loss ■Treat with cortisone drugs, growth factors, and laser therapy

Question 30

AMD

Answer 30

■Progressive loss of central vision•blurred area →blank spots•peripheral vision remains intact ■Objects may not appear to be as bright, interferes with ability to see faces, read, drive, or do close work ■Can lead to impaired mobility, ↑ risk of falls, depression, and ↓ quality of life

Question 31

AMD Screening and TX

Answer 31

■Amsler grid daily ■Keep vision longer•Exercise, avoid smoking, diet ■photodynamic therapy, laser photocoagulation, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, and implantable telescopes

Question 32

Dry Eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)

Answer 32

■ Tear production diminishes with age ■ More common in postmenopausal women ■ Can be related to medications, Sjogren’s syndrome ■ Use artificial tears, consider Vitamin A deficiency

Question 33

Consequences of Hearing Impairment

Answer 33

■Connected to late-life cognitive disorders ■May be diagnosed with dementia inappropriately ■Labeled as confused ■Experience loss of control