Week 11

Question 1

HIV SYNDROME

Answer 1

often asymptomatic
may present with a “flu-like Sxs”
often unrecognized

Question 2

HIV testing will generally be positive within 14-21 days

Answer 2

HIV testing will generally be positive within 14-21 days
Current HIV testing involves a 4th generation ELISA with follow-up lgG testing (an
Test everyone!

Question 3

The natural progression of HIV disease

Answer 3

The natural progression of HIV disease involves:

acute phase, a period of laten development of symptomatic disease (AIDS)

Question 4

AIDS

Answer 4

AIDS is defined as a CD4 count <200
CD4 percentage <14%
or presence of opportunistic diseases

Question 5

opportunistic diseases

Answer 5

opportunistic diseases are infections or infection-related (e.g. malignancy)

Question 6

Al DS-Defining Syndromes

Answer 6

Al DS-Defining Syndromes

• Candida infections: bronchi, trachea, lungs, or esophageal
• Cryptococcus infections
• Coccidioides infection, disseminated
• Histoplasma infection, disseminated
• Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
• Toxoplasma infection
• Cryptosporidium infection (>lmo)
• Isospora infection, chronic (>lmo)
• CMV disease: disseminated or retinitis
• HSV: chronic ulcers >lmo, or bronchitis/pneumonitis/esophagitis
• Mycobacterial disease:
• Micobacterium avium/intracellulare or M kansasii, disseminated
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis of any site
• Non-tuberculous mycobacteria, extrapulmonary
• Recurrent pneumonias
• Salmonella septicemia, recurrent
• Cervical cancer, invasive (HPV associated)
• Kaposi sarcoma (HHV-8 associated)
• Lymphomas (often EBV associated)
• Burkitt’s lymphoma
• Immunoblastic
• Primary CNS
• Immunologic lung disease:
• Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia or Pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia complex
• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopath
• HIV wasting syndrome
• HIV encephalopathy
• Any CD4 count <200 or CD4 % <14% is also
  defining. For reporting purposes, an “AIDS” DIAGNOSES IS LIFELONG

Question 7

Toxoplasmo

Answer 7

Toxoplasma gondii, 
a protozoan 
Acquisition can be from: 
-Eating undercooked meat of animals harboring tissue cysts, 
-Consuming food or water contaminated with cat feces 
-Exposure to contaminated environmental samples (e.g. 
fecal-contaminated soil, or changing a pet's litter box) 
-Through blood transfusion or organ transplantation 
-Transplacentally mother to fetus 
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