Week 11 Health psychology

Question 1

What are the models of health psychology?

Answer 1

• Health Beliefs Model (HBM) – Susceptibility, Severity, Benefits, Cues
• Protection-Motivation Theory (PMT) – HBM + Self-Efficacy
• Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) – Attitudes & Subjective Norms
• Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) – TRA + Self-Efficacy

Question 2

What is Health Beliefs Model (HBM)?

Answer 2

Susceptibility, Severity, Benefits, Cues

 Perceived Susceptibility – “Does it affect people like me?”
 Perceived Severity – “How bad would it be if I had it?”
 Benefits & Barriers – “What do I stand to gain or lose?”
 Cues to Action – “What things tell me I should or shouldn’t?”

Question 3

What is Protection-Motivation Theory (PMT)?

Answer 3

 Perceived Susceptibility – “Does it affect people like me?”
 Perceived Severity – “How bad would it be if I had it?”
 Benefits & Barriers – “What do I stand to gain or lose?”
 Cues to Action – “What things tell me I should or shouldn’t?”
 Self-Efficacy – “Do I think I’ll succeed if I try to change?”

Question 4

What is Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)?

Answer 4

 Attitude towards the Behaviour – “What do I believe will be the
results of this action, & are they good or bad?”
 Subjective Norms – “Who thinks I should or shouldn’t do this,
& how will they react if they find out?”

Question 5

What is stress?

Answer 5

A state of mental or emotional drain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances - the sensation you experience when your nervous system reacts to a challenge

Question 5

What is Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)?

Answer 5

 Attitude towards the Behaviour – “What do I believe will be the
results of this action, & are they good or bad?”
 Subjective Norms – “Who thinks I should or shouldn’t do this,
& how will they react if they find out?”
 Self-Efficacy – “Do I think I’ll succeed if I try something else?”

Question 6

What is emotion-focused coping?

Answer 6

Strategies aimed at reducing or avoiding the immediate emotional sensations caused by stress

Maladaptive - rely on indulgence and excessive consumption. Eg drinking, smoking, stress eating, compulsive sex - not thinking about the future, just focusing on the present.

Defence mechanisms - denial, projection, rationalisation, giving up, blaming, lowering expectations, aggressive or lashing out to others

Giving up/blaming

Aggressive lashing out

Question 7

What is problem focused coping?

Answer 7

Adaptive
Strategies aimed at addressing the underlying challenge that are causing the stress response

Increased Planning
Planning to identify future areas of stress, breaking down existing stress into manageable parts, thinking about routine self care and cognitive re-appraisal to control thoughts to reduce negativity or panic, asking for help

Routine Self-Care

Cognitive Reappraisal

Asking for Help

Question 8

Adaptive coping strategies

Answer 8

– strategies that are effective, sustainable, & harmless

Question 8

Adaptive coping strategies

Answer 8

– strategies that are effective, sustainable, & harmless

Question 9

Maladaptive coping strategies

Answer 9

those with poor trade-offs or diminishing returns