Week 12

Question 1

accommodation

Answer 1

the eye’s ability to change the shape of its lens to focus on objects at different distances

Question 2

Cardinal fields of gaze

Answer 2

directions of eye movements

Question 3

cataracts

Answer 3

a clouding of the eye’s lens that can cause vision loss

Question 4

consensual reaction

Answer 4

shining light in one eye leads to constriction of the pupil in the other eye as well

Question 5

constriction/dilation of the pupils

Answer 5

constriction” means the pupil (the black center of the eye) getting smaller, while “dilation” means the pupil getting larger

Question 6

cornea

Answer 6

the transparent outermost lens that covers the pupil and iris and allows light transmission through the lens to the retina as well as protection of eye

Question 7

cover-uncover test

Answer 7

an eye exam that determines if a patient has strabismus, also known as squint or tropia, or a phoria

Question 8

exophthalmos

Answer 8

bulging or protruding eyes

Question 9

glaucoma

Answer 9

a chronic eye disease that damages the optic nerve caused by an increase in intraocular pressure, which can lead to vision loss and blindness

Question 10

helix

Answer 10

the outermost curved rim of cartilage on the ear that extends from the head to the earlobe

Question 11

Hirschberg test

Answer 11

corneal light reflex test

Question 12

hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism

Answer 12

a condition associated with excessive or lack of production and secretion of the thyroid hormone

Question 13

the inner/outer canthus

Answer 13

the two points where the upper and lower eyelids meet

Question 14

iris

Answer 14

the colored part of the eye that controls how much light enters the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil

Question 15

myopia

Answer 15

near sightedness

Question 16

nystagmus

Answer 16

the colored part of the eye that controls how much light enters the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil

Question 17

palpebral fissures

Answer 17

the opening between eyelids

Question 18

PERRLA

Answer 18

Pupils are Equal and Round and React to Light and Accommodation

Question 19

pinna

Answer 19

auricle, or outermost ear

Question 20

peripheral vision

Answer 20

the ability to see things outside of the center of your gaze, or “out of the corner of your eye”

Question 21

presbyopia

Answer 21

loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye

Question 22

pupil

Answer 22

the opening at the center of the iris through which light passes

Question 23

Rinne test

Answer 23

a hearing test that compares how well sound travels through air versus bone to assess hearing loss in one ear

Question 24

sclera

Answer 24

tough and fibrous white outer coating of the eye

Question 25

Snellen chart

Answer 25

a tool used to measure visual acuity

Question 26

strabismus

Answer 26

a condition that causes the eyes to be misaligned and point in different directions

Question 27

thyroid gland

Answer 27

The largest endocrine gland in the body, the thyroid produces two hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), both of which regulate cellular metabolism

Question 28

tonsils

Answer 28

The tonsils are masses of lymphoid tissue that are tucked between the anterior and posterior pillars

Question 29

trachea

Answer 29

a long, U-shaped tube that connects your larynx (voice box) to your lungs