Week 12 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the 5 phases of SDLC?
Systems Analysis → Conceptual Design → Physical Design → Implementation/Conversion → Operations/Maintenance
What happens in Systems Analysis?
Problem definition, feasibility study, requirements gathering, systems survey.
What’s the output of Conceptual Design?
Design alternatives and specifications (high-level blueprint).
What activities occur in Physical Design?
Detailed design of outputs, databases, inputs, programs, controls, and procedures.
What is included in Implementation?
Installation, training, testing, documentation, data conversion.
Two key development plans?
Project Development Plan (specific) and Master Plan (long-range).
Difference between Gantt and PERT?
Gantt = bar chart for timelines; PERT = network diagram showing dependencies and critical path.
5 types of feasibility analysis?
Economic, Technical, Legal, Scheduling, Operational.
What is the critical path in PERT?
Longest duration path; delays here delay the entire project.
Capital budgeting techniques?
Payback Period, NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return).
Why do behavioral problems occur during system changes?
Fear, lack of management support, poor communication, disruption, biases.
How to prevent resistance to change?
Involve users, provide training, secure management support, keep systems simple.
4 system conversion strategies?
Parallel, Direct, Pilot, Phase-in/Modular.
Advantage of parallel conversion?
Fallback to old system if new system fails.
Disadvantage of direct conversion?
No fallback option; high risk.
Three ways to obtain an AIS?
Purchase (canned/turnkey), Develop in-house, Outsource.
What is “canned software”?
Pre-built commercial software (e.g., QuickBooks, MYOB).
Pros of in-house development?
Customization, competitive advantage.
Cons of outsourcing?
Loss of control, inflexibility, security risks.
Risks of end-user computing?
Poor documentation, inefficiency, data duplication, errors.
When to use prototyping?
When requirements are unclear; users struggle to define needs.
What is BPM (Business Process Management)?
Continuous optimization of business processes (e.g., order fulfillment) using IT.
Key advantage of prototyping?
Faster feedback, higher user satisfaction.
What are CASE tools?
Software for automating system design (e.g., code generation, documentation).
